Learning and Memory

Question 1

what is declarative memory and what brain regions are associated with it

Answer 1

facts and events

medial temporal lobe and diencephalon

Question 2

what is nondeclarative memory and what brain regions are associated with it

Answer 2

procedural memory, skills, habits, emotional responses

amygdala, cerebellum, striatum

Question 3

what are the different memory stages and their durations/capacities

Answer 3

short term memory: short duration/capacity

long term memory: high capacity/duration

Question 4

what is dissociative amnesia

Answer 4

severe memory loss and/or loss of ability to learn new information

Question 5

what is the difference between retrograde and anterograde amnesia

Answer 5

retrograde: forget events prior to brain trauma
anterograde: forget events after brain trauma

Question 6

what was karl lashleys main contribution to the study of learning and memory

Answer 6

searched for the physical trace in the brain using mice and mazes; once a part of the brain was removed, the memory changed

Question 7

what were lashleys principles of memory

Answer 7

mass action: memories not concentrated in one place but stored everywhere in the cortex

equipotentiality: all of the brain has a equal role in memory
* both false

Question 8

how are memories consolidated from short term to long term memory (according to hebb)

Answer 8

neurons are “connected” together (fire together)

reverberation: activity in connected neurons continues after the stimulus is removed

Question 9

what area of the brain was removed in HM

Answer 9

medial temporal lobes