Neural And Hormonal Mechanisms Flashcards
What are the two types of neural influences in aggression
- The limbic system
- Serotonin
What is the limbic system
A system of subcortical structures in the brain associated with regulating emotional behaviour
Which key structures make up the limbic system
- Amygdala
- Hippocampus
- Hypothalamus
What is serotonin
A neurotransmitter involved in the communication of impulses between neurons that has inhibitory effects on neuronal firing brain and aids in the regulation of bodily systems
Explain how serotonin can influence aggression
Reduced serotonin levels removes its inhibitory effect, causing neuronal firing and activity to speed up, and leads to more impulsive and aggressive behaviour
What is a hormonal influence in aggression
Testosterone
What is testosterone
A hormone produced mainly by the testes in males, associated with development of male secondary sexual characteristics, but also implicated in aggression
State a study which shows support for the role of the amygdala on aggression
Gospic at all. (2011)- fMRI scan whilst plating Ultimatum Game- heightened response in amygdala when participants rejected unfair offers
State a study which shows support for the role of serotonin in aggression
Mann et al. (1990)- when given drug which reduces serotonin levels they had increased aggression scores on a questionnaire
State two studies which show support for the role of testosterone in aggression
- Dolan et al. (2001) - positive correlation between testosterone levels and aggressive behaviours in UK offenders
- Dabbs et al. (1987)- violent criminals had higher levels of testosterone in their saliva
What is the amygdala
- primary role is allowing organisms to assess and respond to environmental threats and challenges
- evaluates emotional importance of sensory information in the environment prompting an appropriate response
How is the amygdala implicated in aggression
Increased activity/sensitivity of amygdala has been linked to increased aggression
