Frustration-aggression Hypothesis Flashcards

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1
Q

What are social psychological explanations of aggression

A

Any theory that argues aggression is the result of an interaction between an individual’s characteristics and features of the situation in which behaviour occurs

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2
Q

What is the frustration-aggression hypothesis according to Dollard and Miller (1939)

A

The hypothesis suggests that frustration always results in aggression and aggression is always caused by frustration

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3
Q

What is frustration

A

Feelings which occur when we are prevented from achieving our goals

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4
Q

What is catharsis

A

A form of emotional release that is achieved by the person engaging in aggressive behaviour or having aggressive thoughts about the target which caused their frustration

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5
Q

What is displaced aggression

A

When aggression is displaced from the source of the frustration on to someone or something else

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6
Q

What are the role of environmental cues

A

Frustration creates a readiness for aggression, but it is the presence of cues in the environment which make use more likely to act upon it

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7
Q

Describe the study carried out by Green (1968)

A
  • participants had to complete a jigsaw puzzle and had level of frustration manipulated in three ways
    Group 1= puzzle impossible to solve
    Group 2= ran out of time because confederate interfered
    Group 3= confederate insulted them when they didn’t finish
  • participants then had to issue electric shocks to confederate when they made mistakes on another task
  • Found that the insulted participants gave the strongest shocks on average, then interfered group, followed by impossible puzzle group
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8
Q

Describe the study carried out by Berkowitz and LaPage (1967)

A
  • participants were given electric shocks (to create frustration) by a confederate, then gave electric shocks back to confederate which either gun or no gun present on the table
  • average number of shocks: with gun present= 6.07,with no guns= 4.67
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9
Q

Where does the idea of catharsis originate

A

A psychodynamic concept which views aggression as a psychological drive akin to biological drives such as hunger

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10
Q

Explain the reasons aggression is not always expressed directly to the source

A
  • cause of frustration may be abstract
  • cause may be too powerful, and we may risk punishment by aggressing against it
  • cause may be unavailable at the time
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