Networks, protocols and layers

Question 1

What is an IP address?

Answer 1

An IP address is a unique address assigned to each device in a network.

Question 2

What is the difference between IPv4 and IPv6 addressing?

Answer 2

In IPv4, each device is assigned a 32-bit address. Whereas in IPv6, each device is assigned a 128-bit address.

Question 3

What is static IP addressing?

Answer 3

IP addresses assigned by a network administrator, which remain unused when the device is not in use is static IP addressing.

Question 4

What is dynamic IP addressing?

Answer 4

IP addresses assigned by DHCP, which can be reused when the device is not in use is dynamic IP addressing.

Question 5

What IP address represents the broadcast address on a subnet?

Answer 5

x.x.x.255

Question 6

What number of bits are allocated for network ID in class B addressing?

Answer 6

14

Question 7

How is the number of bits for network ID specified in classless addressing?

Answer 7

An IP address has an 8-bit suffix that specifies the number of bits allocated for network ID.

Question 8

What is the function of a transport layer?

Answer 8

Segmentation, sending acknowledgements, requesting retransmission in case of missed packets, determining the communication protocol, size of packets and data speed.

Question 9

List some protocols used for email communication.

Answer 9

SMTP, POP3 and IMAP.

Question 10

What are the different layers of TCP/IP suite of protocols?

Answer 10

Application layer
Transport layer
Internet layer
Link layer

Question 11

What is the function of an application layer?

Answer 11

This layer is responsible for ensuring that the data supplied by the sender from her application can be viewed at the receiver’s end using her application.

Question 12

What is the function of an Internet layer?

Answer 12

Identifies the sender’s and receiver’s addresses. Routes the data packet from sender to receiver.

Question 13

What is the function of a link layer?

Answer 13

Adds the MAC addresses of the sender and receiver to the data packet. This layer is also responsible for error detection, hardware addressing, media access control and defining physical layer standards.

Question 14

What is the significance of adding information at each layer of TCP/IP stack?

Answer 14

This information will be used by the receiver to process the data packets and retrieve the information correctly.