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EIDW Must Pass Topics > Networks (CC 108/PS 105) > Flashcards

Networks (CC 108/PS 105) Flashcards

1
Q

Host/Client?

A

Any network device on a TCP/IP Network. Such as a server or a workstation.

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2
Q

Application Server?

A

A server which is used to host an application or service.

Examples include Print servers, E-mail servers, file servers, etc.

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3
Q

Hub?

A

A device that allows multiple users to connect physically to a network.

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4
Q

Switch?

A

Like a hub but does not broadcast out on all ports, more advanced or “smart” than a hub.

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5
Q

Router?

A

A device that connects two networks and allows packets to be transmitted and received between them.

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6
Q

WAP?

A

Wireless Access Point, allows devices to connect to a network without using physical connections.

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7
Q

Proxy Server?

A

A type of server that makes a single internet connection and services requests on behalf of many users.

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8
Q

Firewall?

A

A combination of hardware and software that protects a network from attack by hackers that could gain access through public networks, including the internet.

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9
Q

VPN Concentrator?

A

A hardware device specifically engineered to create VPNs.

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10
Q

Back-up?

A

A copy of important data kept for retrieval.

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11
Q

Repeater?

A

A device placed on a network which repeats a signal to decrease or eliminate attenuation.

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12
Q

Access?

A

Initial switch where the workstations are connected.

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13
Q

Distribution?

A

This is where access switches, core switched and servers come together.

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14
Q

Core?

A

Used for internal routing within a network.

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15
Q

Bus Topology?

A

A physical bus network uses one network cable that runs from one end of the network to the other. Nodes connect at various points along the cable.

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16
Q

Star Topology?

A

A cable runs from each network entity to a central device. This central device (a hub or switch) allows all devices to communicate as if they were all directly connected.

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17
Q

Ring Topology?

A

Every network entity connects directly to only two other network entities (the one immediately preceding it and the one immediately following it

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18
Q

Mesh Topology?

A

Every computer is directly connected to every other computer on the network. The more computers there are on a network, the more cables needed to make up the network.

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19
Q

LAN?

A

A communication network that interconnects a variety of data communicating devices within a small geographic area and broadcasts data at high data transfer rates with very low error rates.

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20
Q

WAN?

A

An interconnection of computers and computer-related equipment that performs a given function or functions, typically uses local and long distance telecommunications systems, and can encompass parts of states, multiple

states, countries, and even the world.

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21
Q

MAN?

A

Also known as a MAN, a metropolitan area network is basically a bigger version of a LAN and normally uses similar technology. It might cover a group of nearby corporate offices or a city and might be either private or public.

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22
Q

GAN?

A

A network that is composed of different interconnected computer networks and covers an unlimited geographical area (Example: The Internet)

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23
Q

Define basic network architecture and the 7 layers?

A 
7 layer OSI (Open Standards Interconnection)
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data-Link
Physical
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24
Q

Difference between IPv4 and IPv6?

A

IPv6 was originally designed because the number of available unregistered IPv4 addresses was running low. Because IPv6 uses a 128 bit addressing (not 32 bit like IPv4) it has more than 79 octillion) times as many available addresses than IPv4.

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25
Q

NIPRNET?

A

Non-classified Internet Protocol Router Network

is used to exchange sensitive but unclassified information between “internal” users as well as providing users access to the Internet.

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26
Q

SIPRNET?

A

Secret Internet Protocol Router Network

is a system of interconnected computer networks used by the United States Department of Defense to transmit material up to SECRET.

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27
Q

JWICS?

A

Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communications System

is a system of interconnected computer networks used by the United States Department of Defense to transmit material up to TOP SECRET.

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28
Q

NMCI?

A

Navy Marine Corps Intranet

Creates one network throughout CONUS locations using similar hardware and software.

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29
Q

ONENET?

A

ONE-NET

is a Navy-wide initiative to install a common and secure IT infrastructure to OCONUS Navy locations. It is based on the Navy-Marine Corps Intranet (NMCI) architecture and is designed to be interoperable with IT-21, NMCI, and the Global Information Grid in the near future.

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30
Q

IT21?

A

Like NMCI and ONENET but for afloat commands.

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31
Q

Machine Language?

A

A collection of binary digits or bits that the computer reads and interprets. Machine language is the only language a computer is capable of understanding.

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32
Q

Assembly Language?

A

A low-level programming language used to interface with computer hardware.

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33
Q

High-Level Language?

A

An advanced computer programming language that isn’t limited by the type of computer or for one specific job and is more easily understood.

34
Q

Operating System?

A

An operating system, or OS, is a software program that enables the computer hardware to communicate and operate with the computer software. Without a computer operating system, a computer would be useless.

35
Q

Application?

A

An application is a program that enables a user to complete a task. Examples are MS Office or Photoshop.

36
Q

Virus?

A

A program intended to damage a computer

37
Q

Worm?

A

A program similar to a virus. Worms however, propagate themselves over a network.

38
Q

Trojan?

A

Any application that masquerades as one thing in order to get past scrutiny and then does something malicious.

39
Q

Backdoor?

A

An opening left in a program application that allows additional access to data.

40
Q

Phishing?

A

A form of social engineering in which you simply ask someone for a piece of information that you are missing by making it look as if it is a legitimate request.

41
Q

Network Enumeration?

A

A computing activity in which user names, and info on groups, shares and services of networked computers are retrieved

42
Q

Buffer Overflow?

A

Error that occurs when incoming data rate exceeds acceptance capacity of a system.

43
Q

SQL Injection?

A

An SQL Injection attack is used to exploit a vulnerability in a web page or system by injecting malicious code and having the hosts system run it.

44
Q

Dictionary Attack?

A

An attack that uses words from a database(dictionary) to test against passwords until matched.

45
Q

Privilege Escalation?

A

The result when a user obtains access to a resource they normally wouldn’t be able to access.

46
Q

Brute Force Attack?

A

A type of attack that relies purely on trial and error.

47
Q

Social Engineering?

A

An attack that uses others by deceiving them.

48
Q

DNS?

A

DNS is an Internet or other type of network server that helps to point domain names or the hostname to their associated IPaddress. If a domain name is not found within the local database, the server may query other domain servers to obtain the address of a domain name.

49
Q

Premise Router?

A

The last router that we have access to before our data hits DISA’s network. All local nets connect to the Premise router.

50
Q

OSSR?

A

Outer Security Screening Router

The first line of defense for the FLTNOC

51
Q

ISSR?

A

Inner Security Screening Router

Used to control the types of connections that can reach the Bastion hosts from the fleet.

52
Q

VSCAN?

A

Used to scan email for viruses.

53
Q

DNSMail Server?

A

Used to store and forward email for the fleet as well as provide DNS.

54
Q

Fleet Router?

A

The last router in the FLTNOC between the ISSR and the ADNS equipment.

55
Q

Print Server?

A

A Centralized device that controls and manages all network printers. The print server can be hardware, software, or a combination of both.

56
Q

File Server?

A

A server specialized in holding and distributing files.

57
Q

Mail Server?

A

Mail servers, the computer host, and associated software that offer electronic mail reception and forwarding services, have been installed across ONE-NET.

58
Q

DNS Server?

A

Domain Name Service (DNS) The network service used in TCP/IP networks that translates host names to IP addresses.

59
Q

Web Server?

A

A server that holds and delivers web pages and other web content using HTTP protocol

60
Q

VLAN?

A

A Technology that allows users on different switch ports to participate in their own network separate from, but still connected to, the other stations on the same or connected switch.

61
Q

RAID?

A

Redundant Array of Independent Disc (RAID)

to provide fault tolerance should a disk fail.

62
Q

Modem?

A

Converts digital signals into analog signals for transmittal over analog lines, then converts them back to digital signals once received. The term Modem is short for Modulate Demodulate. MoDem

63
Q

OWA?

A

Outlook Web Access (OWA)

is a webmail service of Microsoft Exchange Server supported by ONE-NET. OWA is used to access e-mail, calendars, contacts, tasks,
and other mailbox content when access to the Microsoft Outlook desktop application is
unavailable.

64
Q

How many tiers of support does the Enterprise Service Desk provide?

A

Tier I is Regional Help Desk Support.

Tier II is Field Service Support. This is on-site, field service, touch-labor support.

Tier III is Network System Administration Support.

Tier IV Network Support is the final layer of technical support for ONE-NET. Tier IV is composed of highly skilled government Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) and industry partners.

65
Q

Port 80?

A

HTTP

Used by web browsers such as Internet Explorer, Firefox and Opera.

66
Q

Port 443?

A

HTTPS

Used for secure web browsing.

67
Q

Ports 20-21?

A

FTP

File Transfer Protocol.

68
Q

Port 22?

A

Secure Shell protocol (SSH)

Provides a secure session when logging into a remote machine.

69
Q

Port 23?

A

TELNET

Used for remote server administration.

70
Q

Port 53?

A

DNS

Domain Name System protocol for converting domain names to IP addresses.

71
Q

Port 110?

A

POP3

Post Office Protocol. For receiving email.

72
Q

Port 25?

A

SMTP

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, used for sending email.

73
Q

IEEE?

A

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

an association dedicated to advancing innovation and technological excellence for the benefit of humanity,

74
Q

STP/UTP?

A

– Twisted pair cable consists of multiple individually insulated wires that are twisted together in pairs. Sometimes a metallic shield is placed around them; hence the name shielded twisted-pair (STP). Cable without outer shielding is called unshielded twisted pair(UTP), and it’s used in twisted-pair Ethernet Networks

75
Q

Coaxial?

A

A type of cable used in network wiring. Typical coaxial cable types include RG-58 and RG-62.

Coaxial cable is usually shielded, which means that it is more immune to interference than unshielded cables.

76
Q

Ping?

A

Pings occur when an application tests remote devices by sending out a signal to each device and waiting for the signal to return.

The receipt of this reply indicates that there is a viable connection.

77
Q

Trace Route?

A

The Trace route command line utility (tracert) shows the user every router interface a TCP/IP packet passes through on its way to a destination.

78
Q

Telnet?

A

Developed to allow a user to log in remotely to a Unix-based server, meaning that once you’ve telnetter in and logged in to the server, you can run commands on that server as if you were local to it

79
Q

Router?

A

A router is a network device used to connect many network segments together, combining them into what we call an internetwork.

80
Q

Canes?

A

Navy’s Consolidated Afloat Networks and Enterprise Services

Designed to streamline and update shipboard networks to improve interoperability across the fleet

EIDW Must Pass Topics (9 decks)

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