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Networking > Networking: Network Services > Flashcards

Networking: Network Services Flashcards

1
Q

“A” record

A

The most common resource record, used to point a certain domain name at a certain IPv4 IP address

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2
Q

Anycast

A

A technique that’s used to route traffic to different destinations depending on factors like location, congestion, or link health

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3
Q

Automatic allocation

A

A range of IP addresses is set aside for assignment purposes

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4
Q

Caching and recursive name servers

A

They are generally provided by an ISP or your local network, and their purpose is to store domain name lookups for a certain amount of time

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5
Q

CNAME

A

A resource record used to map one domain to another

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6
Q

DHCP discovery

A

The process by which a client configured to use DHCP attempts to get network configuration information

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7
Q

Domain Name System (DNS)

A

A global and highly distributed network service that resolves strings of letters, such as a website name, into an IP address

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8
Q

DNS zones

A

A portion of space in the Domain Name System (DNS) that is controlled by an authoritative name server

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9
Q

Domain

A

Used to demarcate where control moves from a top-level domain name server to an authoritative name server

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10
Q

Domain name

A

A website name; the part of the URL following www

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11
Q

Dynamic allocation

A

A range of IP addresses is set aside for client devices and one of these IPs is issued to these devices when they request one

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12
Q

Fixed allocation

A

Requires a manually specified list of MAC address and the corresponding IPs

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13
Q

Fully qualified domain name

A

When you combine all the parts of a domain together

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14
Q

IP masquerading

A

The NAT obscures the sender’s IP address from the receiver

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15
Q

MX record

A

It stands for mail exchange and this resource record is used in order to deliver email to the correct server

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16
Q

Name resolution

A

This process of using DNS to turn a domain name into an IP address

17
Q

Network Address Translation (NAT)

A

A mitigation tool that lets organizations use one public IP address and many private IP addresses within the network

18
Q

NS record

A

It indicates other name servers that may also be responsible for a particular zone

19
Q

NTP servers

A

Used to keep all computers on a network synchronized in time

20
Q

Pointer resource record

A

It resolves an IP to a name

21
Q

Port forwarding

A

A technique where specific destination ports can be configured to always be delivered to specific nodes

22
Q

Port preservation

A

A technique where the source port chosen by a client, is the same port used by the router

23
Q

Proxy service

A

A server that acts on behalf of a client in order to access another service

24
Q

Quad A (AAAA) record

A

It is very similar to an A record except that it returns in IPv6 address instead of an IPv4 address

25
Q

Recursive name servers

A

Servers that perform full DNS resolution requests

26
Q

Reverse lookup zone files

A

They let DNS resolvers ask for an IP, and get the FQDN associated with it returned

27
Q

Reverse proxy

A

A service that might appear to be a single server to external clients, but actually represents many servers living behind it

28
Q

Round robin

A

It is a concept that involves iterating over a list of items one by one in an orderly fashion

29
Q

SRV record

A

A service record used to define the location of various specific services

30
Q

Start of authority

A

A declaration of the zone and the name of the name server that is authoritative for it

31
Q

Top Level Domain (TLD)

A

The top level of the DNS or the last part of a domain name. For example, the “com” in www.weather.com

32
Q

Time-To-Live field (TTL)

A

An 8-bit field that indicates how many router hops a datagram can traverse before it’s thrown away

33
Q

Two-factor authentication

A

A technique where more than just a username and password are required to authenticate. Usually, a short-lived numerical token is generated by the user through a specialized piece of hardware or software

34
Q

TXT record

A

It stands for text and was originally intended to be used only for associating some descriptive text with a domain name for human consumption

35
Q

Types of DNS servers

A

There are five primary types of DNS servers; caching name servers, recursive name servers, root name servers, TLD name servers, and authoritative name servers

36
Q

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

A

A technology that allows for the extension of a private or local network, to a host that might not work on that same local network

37
Q

Zone Files

A

Simple configuration files that declare all resource records for a particular zone

Networking (7 decks)

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