Networking: Connecting to the Internet

Question 1

Ad-Hoc network

Answer 1

A network configuration without supporting network infrastructure. Every device involved with the ad-hoc network communicates with every other device within range, and all nodes help pass along messages

Question 2

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL)

Answer 2

A device that establishes data connections across phone lines and different speeds for uploading and downloading data

Question 3

Baud rate

Answer 3

A measurement of how many bits could be passed across a phone line in a second

Question 4

Bluetooth

Answer 4

The most common short range wireless network

Question 5

Broadband

Answer 5

Any connectivity technology that isn’t dial-up Internet

Question 6

Cable modem

Answer 6

A device that sits at the edge of a consumer’s network and connects it to the cable modem termination system

Question 7

Cable modem termination system

Answer 7

Connects lots of different cable connections to an ISP’s core network

Question 8

Channels

Answer 8

Individual, smaller sections of the overall frequency band used by a wireless network

Question 9

Collision domain

Answer 9

A network segment where only one device can communicate at a time

Question 10

Data payload section

Answer 10

Has all of the data of the protocols further up the stack of a frame

Question 11

Dial-up

Answer 11

Uses POTS for data transfer, and gets its name because the connection is established by actually dialing a phone number

Question 12

DSL

Answer 12

Digital subscriber line was able to send much more data across the wire than traditional dial-up technologies by operating at a frequency range that didn’t interfere with normal phone calls

Question 13

DSLAM

Answer 13

Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexers are devices that connect multiple DSL connections to a high-speed digital communications channel

Question 14

Duration field

Answer 14

Specifies how long the total frame is

Question 15

Frame check sequence

Answer 15

It is a 4-byte or 32-bit number that represents a checksum value for the entire frame

Question 16

Frame control field

Answer 16

16 bits long, it contains a number of sub-fields that are used to describe how the frame itself should be processed

Question 17

Frequency band

Answer 17

A certain section of the radio spectrum that’s been agreed upon to be used for certain communications

Question 18

FTTB

Answer 18

Fiber to the building, fiber to the business or even fiber to the basement, since this is generally where cables to buildings physically enter. FTTB is a setup where fiber technologies are used for data delivery to an individual building

Question 19

FTTH

Answer 19

Fiber to the home. This is used in instances where fiber is actually run to each individual residents in a neighborhood or apartment building

Question 20

FTTN

Answer 20

Fiber to the neighborhood. This means that fiber technologies are used to deliver data to a single physical cabinet that serves a certain amount of the population

Question 21

FTTP

Answer 21

Fiber to the premises. FTTH and FTTB may both also be referred to as FTTP

Question 22

FTTX

Answer 22

Stands for fiber to the X, where the X can be one of many things

Question 23

HDSL

Answer 23

High Bit-rate Digital Subscriber Lines. These are DSL technologies that provision speeds above 1.544 megabits per second

Question 24

MAC filtering

Answer 24

Access points are configured to only allow for connections from a specific set of MAC addresses belonging to devices you trust

Question 25

Mesh networks

Answer 25

Like ad-hoc networks, lots of devices communicate with each other device, forming a mesh if you were to draw lines for all the links between all the nodes

Question 26

Metered connection

Answer 26

An internet connection where all data transfer usage is tracked. Cell phone plans that have a limit on data usage per month or that charge based on usage are examples of metered connections

Question 27

Non-metered connection

Answer 27

A connection where your data usage is not tracked or limited, instead you are charged a flat fee for unlimited and unrestricted usage. A Wi-Fi connection is an example of a non-metered connection

Question 28

Optical Network Terminator

Answer 28

Converts data from protocols the fiber network can understand to those that are more traditional twisted pair copper networks can understand

Question 29

Pairing

Answer 29

When a wireless peripheral connects to a mobile device, and the two devices exchange information, sometimes including a PIN or password, so that they can remember each other

Question 30

Point-To-Point VPN

Answer 30

Establishes a VPN tunnel between two sites but VPN tunneling logic is handled by network devices at either side, so that users don't all have to establish their own connections

Question 31

Receiving address

Answer 31

The MAC address of the access point that should receive the frame

Question 32

Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL)

Answer 32

A device that establishes data connections across phone lines and has upload and download speeds that are the same

Question 33

Sequence control field

Answer 33

A field that is 16 bits long and mainly contains a sequence number used to keep track of ordering the frames

Question 34

Short-range wireless network

Answer 34

It is what mobile devices uses to connect to their peripherals

Question 35

T-Carrier technologies

Answer 35

Technologies Invented to transmit multiple phone calls over a single link. Eventually, they also became common transmission systems to transfer data much faster than any dial-up connection could handle

Question 36

Transmitter address

Answer 36

The MAC address of whatever has just transmitted the frame

Question 37

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA)

Answer 37

A security program that uses a 128-bit key to protect wireless computer networks, which makes it more difficult to crack than WEP

Question 38

Wide area network

Answer 38

Acts like a single network but spans across multiple physical locations. WAN technologies usually require that you contract a link across the Internet with your ISP

Question 39

Wired Equivalence Privacy (WEP)

Answer 39

An encryption technology that provides a very low level of privacy. WEP should really only be seen as being as safe as sending unencrypted data over a wired connection

Question 40

Wireless access point

Answer 40

A device that bridges the wireless and wired portions of a network

Question 41

Wireless LANS (WLANS)

Answer 41

One or more access points act as a bridge between a wireless and a wired network

Question 42

Wireless networking

Answer 42

Networks you connect to through radios and antennas