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Networking Basics - Networking Devices Flashcards

1
Q

Network Interface Card (NIC)

A

Computer hardware component designed to allow computers to communicate over a computer network

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2
Q

Link Light

A

LED light on a network device that indicates network activity

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3
Q

Hub

A

Physical Layer multiport repeater

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4
Q

Repeater

A

Physical Layer device that retransmits all incoming signals out to all ports

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5
Q

Bridge

A

2-port Data Link Layer device that forwards frames based on MAC addressees

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6
Q

Switch

A

Multiport Data Link Layer device that forwards frames based on MAC addresses

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7
Q

Food

A

Transmission of data out all switch ports when the location of the destination MAC address is unknown

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8
Q

Unmanaged Switch

A

Switch with minimal functionality appropriate for SOHO installations

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9
Q

Managed Switch

A

Switch with complex functionality appropriate for large enterprise installations

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10
Q

Enterprise

A

Company, business, or organization

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11
Q

Router

A

Network Layer device used to connect different networks together

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12
Q

Internetwork

A

Network linked separate networks together

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13
Q

Internetworking Operating Systems (IOS)

A

Cisco proprietary operating system for switches & routers

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14
Q

Layer 3 Switch

A

Router

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15
Q

Access Point

A

Device that permits wireless devices to connect to a network

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16
Q

Modulate

A

To vary the amplitude, frequency, / phrase of a carrier wave in proportion to a source wave

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17
Q

Media Access Control Protocol

A

Set of rules that enables multiple devices to share the physical medium of a network

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18
Q

Carrier-Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA)

A

Media access control protocol for Wi-Fi networks

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19
Q

Throughput

A

Rate in which data are transferred through a system

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20
Q

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

A

Protocol that computers use to decide on 1 IP address to use for dynamic IP addressing

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21
Q

Scpoe

A

Range of IP addresses

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22
Q

Domain Name Service (DNS)

A

Server that resolved host names into IP addresses

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23
Q

Encryption

A

Process of obscuring information to make it unreadable without special knowledge, key files, passwords

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24
Q

Encryption Gateway

A

Network device dedicated to encrypting data

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25
Content Filtering Appliance
Device that scans network traffic & filters out specific content / content types
26
Multilayer Switch (MLS)
Device that provides both Data Link Layer switching & Network Layer routing function
27
Packet Switching
Means of directing digitally encoded information in a communication network from its source to its destination, in which messages may be divided into smaller entities called packets, each of which travels independently through the network in paths based on moment-to-moment routing decisions made by noses through which they pass
28
Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC)
Integrated circuit (IC) chip designed for a particular use
29
Load Balancer
Device that distributed network traffic to a number of servers
30
Domain Name Service (DNS)
Services provided by Domain Name System
31
DNS Server
Computer that responds to a client's DNS request
32
Full Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)
Domain name that specifies the exact location of a host computer
33
Name Resolution
DNS process of translating a domain name to an IP address
34
A Record
DNS record of the IPv4 address of a domain / host
35
AAAA Record
DNS record of the IPv6 address of a domain / host
36
Point Record (PTR)
DNS record that indicated IP address to name mapping records
37
Main Exchanger (MX) Record
DNS record that points to the email server for a particular host
38
Canonical Name (CNAME) Record
DNS record that enables hosts to have more than 1 name
39
Alias Record
DNS record that enables host to have more than 1 name
40
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Technology for transferring files over a network
41
Proxy Server
Server that acts as an intermediary between a user & another server, usually on the internet
42
Reverse Proxy Server
Server that takes requests from the internet * forwards them to servers in an internal network
43
Modem
Device that encodes digital computer signals into analog telephone signals & vice versa & allows computers to communicate over a phone line
44
Packet Shaper
Device that prioritized network traffic flows
45
VPN Concentrator
Device that creates & manages multiple simultaneous VPN connections to a network
46
Media Converters
Physical Layer device that connects 1 media type to another media type
47
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
Telecommunications switching system physically located at a customer's place of business, which provides internal communication between users & also access to outside telephone lines
48
VoIP Gateway
Gateway device that uses Internet Protocol to transmit & receive voice communications
49
VoIP Endpoint
Voice-over-IP telephone
50
Next-Generational Firewalls (NGFWs)
Part of the 3rd generation of firewall technology, combining a traditional firewall with other network devices filtering functions
51
Malware
Software which has been designed to operate in a malicious, undesirable manner
52
Network Segmentation
Break in large network into a set of smaller networks
53
Access Control List (ACL)
Security scheme for network-level security
54
Internetwork
Network of networks
55
Routing Table
Data table stored in a router / network host that lists the router to particular network destinations
56
Quality of Service (QoS)
Overall performance of telephony / computer network based on error rates, throughput, transmission delay, etc
57
Latency
Time measured from when a frame enters a port to when it exits it
58
Transparent Bridging
When a switch uses a table to control the forwarding of frames between network segments
59
Network Operating Systems (NOS)
OS designed to be used for networking
60
Server Operating System
OS designed to run a network server
61
Client Operating System
OS designed to function on an individual user's personal computer
62
Web Server
Server that connects to the internet & responds to client requests for web pages & web-based application access
63
Mail Server
Server that stores & forwards incoming & outgoing email messages for a certain domain, such as the domain that the company owns
64
File Server
Server that stores files & responds to requests to access & manage those files
65
Database Server
Server that responds to queries & other requests from users to access stored information sets
66
Application Server
Server that makes applications remotely available for network users; application servers often also integrate with database connected to the applications
67
Pint Server
Server that enables multiple clients to access the service of multiple printers
68
Virtualization
Technology that enables a single physical computer to have multiple OS instances installed, all running simultaneously
69
Virtual Machine
Instance of an OS that runs independently of other OS instances running on the same hardware
70
Hypervisor
Software that manages virtual machines
71
Type 1 Hypervisor
Hypervisor that interacts directly with the hardware, without relying on a host OS - also called a bare-metal hypervisor
72
Type 2 Hypervisor
Hypervisor that runs as an app in a host OS
73
Full Virtualization
Virtualization in which each virtual machine is unaware of the others & functions independently
74
Paravirtualization
Type 1 virtualization in which each virtual machine is aware of the other virtual machines so hey can cooperate
75
OS-Level Virtualization
Virtualization in which the host OS supplies multiple, independent instances of itself in containers to each virtual machine
76
Windows Server
Version of Microsoft Windows designed to run a network server
77
Hyper-V
Hypervisor that comes with Windows
78
Azure
Microsoft cloud-based platform for deploying network services including virtual desktops
79
Virtual Desktops
System that enables used to signed into a network account to access a GUI desktop remotely
80
Linux
Open-source OS with many distros available - some of which are optimized for use as server OSs
81
Distro
Short for distribution; a version of Linux that is customized for specific uses
82
Unix
Multiuser, multitasking OS on which Linux is based; it is still used today on select systems by IBM, Oracle, & HP

Computer Science (4 decks)

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