Networking 101

Question 1

What is an IP Address

Answer 1

Internet Protocol is the principle set of digital message formats and rules for exchanging messages between computers across a single network of a series of interconnected networks

An Internet Protocol Address is a logical numeric address that is assigned to every single computer, printer, switch, router or an other device that is apart of TCP/IP-based network

Question 2

Name the three different network configuration concepts

Answer 2

IP Addressing
DNS
DHCP

Question 3

Name the Two different types of Network Ports an Protocols

Answer 3

TCP and UDP

Question 4

IPV4 Address Basics

Answer 4

Defined in RFC 791 in 1981
Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA)
32-bits - 4.2 Billion Addresses

Question 5

Subnet Mask

Answer 5

Used to Determine what subnet a host is on.
Subnet = Sub Network

Parts of the IP Address used for network and host are not fixed.

Subnet Mask is a 32-bit Number

Question 6

What is Classless Inter-Domain Routing

Answer 6

255.0.0.0 /8 A
255.255.0.0 /16 B
225.225.225.0 /24 C

Question 7

What is NAT (Network Address Translation)?

Answer 7

NAT on router will remap (translate) to a public IP Address as we go onto the internet.

Question 8

What is the Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)

Answer 8

APIPA assigns an IP address if DHCP is not available, also called local-link address

Question 9

Domain Name System

Answer 9

Core component of every network, Translates Domain Names to IP addresses

Pluralsight.com > 35.161.255.88

Question 10

Gateway

Answer 10

Device Located at the boundary of a network

Transfers communication between your local network and the internet

The router on a home network

Question 11

What is TCP and UDP

Answer 11

Both Protocols Send information from one device to another, They both work on top of the IP Protocol

Question 12

TCP - Transmission Control Protocol

Answer 12

Connection-oriented protocol

It establishes a connection in which data can be sent both ways

TCP is all about reliability, built-in systems to check for errors, and guaranteed that data will be delivered in the right order

TCP is great for images, data files, web pages and emails

Question 13

UDP - User Datagram Protocol

Answer 13

Connectionless Protocol

Data is continuously sent to the recipient, whether or not they receive it, no error checking or conformation

Great for real-time communications, Live broadcast, Online Multiplayer games

Question 14

Network Ports

Answer 14

A network port is a process-specific or an application specific software construct serving as a communication endpoint, which is used by the Transport Layer Protocols of Internet Protocol Suite, such as UDP and TCP.

Question 15

What is FTP and what Port does it run on?

Answer 15

One of the most used file transfer protocols

Moves files from one system to another

Uses TCP 20/21

Question 16

What is Secure Shell (SSH) and what port does it run on?

Answer 16

Secure shell is the Secure Management of network devices at the command level.

Uses TCP Port 22

Question 17

What is Telnet

Answer 17

Telnet is the Management of network devices at the command level, the difference between Telnet and SSH is that Telnet only provided an unsecured connection.

It is not recommended over public networks.

Uses TCP Port 23

Question 18

What is SMTP and what Port does it work off?

Answer 18

SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

Used to transfer e-mail between mail servers

Used when end-users send an email to a mail system

Uses TCP Port 25

Question 19

What is DNS and what Port does it use?

Answer 19

Translate domain names to IP Addresses

Used on public and private networks

Uses TCP/UDP port 53

Question 20

What is DHCP and what Port does it use?

Answer 20

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol - Is used to assign an IP to devices

Uses Ports UDP 67/68

DHCP uses UDP since it need to create a connection with a device before it has a confirmed IP Address. TCP needs both IP addresses to be confirmed before it is able to send data

Question 21

What is HTTP

Answer 21

The Hypertext Transfer Protocol is used to display web pages

Http://

Data Transfer is unsecured/Unencrypted

Uses Port 80

Question 22

What is HTTPS and what port does it use?

Answer 22

Hypertext transfer protocol SECURE is also used by browsers to display pages

Encryption done via SSL or TLS

SSL - Secure Socket Layer
TLS - Transport Layer Security

Uses Port 443

Question 23

What is POP version 3

Answer 23

Post Office Protocol is used to retrieve emails from a server

Uses TCP port 110

Question 24

What is IMAP

Answer 24

Internet Message Access Protocol - used to retrieve email from a server, supports a wider array of remote mailbox operations,

Uses TCP port 143

Question 25

What is SNMP and what Port does it use?

Answer 25

The Simple Network Management Protocol - Collects and organizing information about managed devices

Uses TCP/UDP Port 161/162

Question 26

What is NetBIOS over TCIP/IP

Answer 26

NetBIOS is a central protocol used to interconnect Microsoft Windows Devices

Communicates on TCP/UDP Ports 137/138/139

Question 27

What is LADP and what ports does it use?

Answer 27

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol is the mechanism for accessing and maintaining distributed directory information.

Uses TCP/UDP port 389

Question 28

What is SMB

Answer 28

The Server Message Block is the foundation of Microsoft’s Windows networking capability

Common Internet File system (CIFS)

Uses TCP 445

Question 29

What is RDP

Answer 29

Remote Desktop Protocol is a way for a user to view a remote desktop of a device across the network,

Uses Port 3389