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Network+ > Network Models > Flashcards

Network Models Flashcards

1
Q

OSI Layer Model

A

7: Application
6: Presentation
5: Session
4: Transport
3: Network
2: Data Link
1: Physical

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2
Q

Layer 1

A

Physical layer - the cabling used to connect

Also a hub, if it’s an old network setup

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3
Q

Layer 2 Split

A

2a: Logical Link Control
-Aspect of NIC that talks to OS (via drivers)
2b: Media Access Control
-MAC encapsulation

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4
Q

NIC

A

Network Interface Card

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5
Q

MAC Address

A

Media Access Control - burned into a NIC’s ROM chip

48 bits - 12 hex characters

Companies request a block of MAC addresses to use

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6
Q

Unix vs Windows MAC

A

Windows uses dash
use ipconfig /all to find

Linux uses colons
ifconfig (Macintosh)
ip a (linux)

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7
Q

OUI

A

Organizationally Unique Identifier - the first 6 digits of a MAC address

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8
Q

Device ID

A

Last 6 digits of MAC address, represent the serial number from manufacturer

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9
Q

EUI-48

A

Extended Unique Identifier - just another name for a MAC address

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10
Q

Layer 2 Frame Encapsulation

A

Recipient MAC | Sender MAC | Type of Data | Data | FCS

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11
Q

Frame Header

A

MAC addresses (recipient/sender) and Type

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12
Q

Frame Payload

A

Encapsulated Data

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13
Q

Frame Trailer

A

FCS - Frame Check Sequence.

Uses cyclic reduncancy check (CRC) for receiving NIC to verify data

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14
Q

Frame data limitations

A

1500 bytes
FCS is always 4 bytes

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15
Q

Data stored by NICs

A

MACs of devices they have previously communicated with

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16
Q

FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF

A

Broadcast MAC address, NIC sends out to all devices requesting MAC addresses

17
Q

Process for Frame Movement

A

1) NIC receives data from OS
2) NIC attaches FCS to data
3) NIC attaches header
4) Frame sent

18
Q

Devices at Layer 2

A

Anything dealing with MAC addresses

Switches, NICs

19
Q

Network Protocol

A

Establishes the unique identifiers for each system
Creates set of communication rules for data handling

20
Q

Logical Addressing

A

Hardware independent addressing on a network.

21
Q

Layer 3

A

Network Layer

Deals with IP addresses

22
Q

Packets

A

Encapsulation method for data sent across layer 3

Are the data that gets placed within a frame by the NIC

23
Q

Router

A

Allows communications across networks, including those that do not rely on Ethernet

24
Q

IP Packet Syntax

A

Dest. IP - packet header
Source IP - packet header
Data

25
Q

Router’s relationships to frames

A

Each router strips frame from packet, reads packet header (destination IP), then reattaches a new frame to send to subsequent MAC based in the destination IP

26
Q

Layer 4

A

Transport Layer

27
Q

Segmentation

A

Dividing up data into quantities that fit into packets and frames

The serving system performs this

28
Q

Reassembly

A

The receiving system performs this

Putting the segmented data back together into a sensible whole and verify data is not corrupted

29
Q

Transport Protocol

A

Segmenting data and assigning them sequence numbers

30
Q

TCP Segment

A

Inside of the packet, after the IP header but before the data.

Includes necessary transport information such as destination ports, sequence number, etc.

31
Q

UDP Datagram

A

Does not utilize as many tools as TCP segment, does not verify that receiving system gets data.

Adds ports (source and destination), length, and checksum

32
Q

Layer Five

A

Session Layer

33
Q

Session Layer

A

Accepts incoming sessions, initiates sessions, opens and closes sessions, tracks them, names them

34
Q

Layer 6

A

Presentation Layer

35
Q

Presentation Layer

A

Data translation into a format usable by an Application and vice versa

36
Q

Layer 7

A

Application Layer

37
Q

Application Layer

A

APIs - allow applications to be network aware

38
Q

API

A

Application Programming Interface

Network+ (7 decks)

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