Ethernet Standards Flashcards
100BASE-T specs
Speed: 100 Mbps
Signal: Baseband
Distance: 100m
Max computers: 1024/switch
Topology: star-bus, physical star, logical bus
Cable: Cat5 or better
quickly became able to full-duplex
Multispeed NIC
Able to transmit across various network speeds, typically auto sensing
will negotiate with switch to determine what speed to use
100BASE-FX Specs
Speed: 100 mbps
Signal: Baseband
Distance: 2 km
Max computers: 1024
topology: star-bus, physical star, logical bus
Cable: Multimode fiber (MMF), generally OM1 with ST or SC connectors
100BASE-SX
LED based alternative to 100BASE-FX
OM1 or OM2 fiber at 850 nm, used ST, SC, or LC
Backwards compatible with 10BASE-FL
Gigabit Ethernet
Also 1000BASE-T
Most common standard in offices today
4 pair cabling, max distance 100m
Cat 5e or Cat 6
1000BASE-SX
Speed: 1Gbps
Signal: Baseband (LED source)
Max length: 220 - 500 m (manufacturer dependent)
Cable: 850nm fiber (OM2 or better), commonly uses LC but sometimes SC
1000BASE-LX
Speed: 1Gbps
Signal: Baseband (laser source)
Max Length: 5 km (70km with repeaters)
Cable type: single mode fiber (OS1 or OS2), 1300 nm, commonly uses LC but sometimes SC
SFF Fiber Connectors
Small Form Factor
MT-RJ (Mechanical Transfer Registered Jack)
LC (Local Connector) - more popular in the US
PC connector
Physical Contact connector - fiber connection point (two pieces of fiber touch when inserted)
UPC connector
Ultra Physical contact connector - extensively polished to reduce signal loss
APC Connector
Angled physical contact connector - add an 8-degree angle to lower signal loss and prevent connection degradation from multiple insertions
Media Converter
Used to translate between network types (copper vs fiber)
Gigabit Interface Converter (transceiver/optic)
GBIC - removable module to plug a cable type into a device
SFP
Small form-factor pluggable
smaller transceivers, support the same networking standards as the GBIC transceivers
10GBASE-SR
Short Wavelength
Fiber type: MMF
Wavelength: 850 nm
Physical Layer: LAN
Max length: 33-400m, depending on cable type (OM1 just 33, OM4 400)
10GBASE-SW
Short Wavelength
Fiber type: MMF
Wavelength: 850 nm
Physical Layer: WAN/SONET
Max length: 33-400m, depending on cable type (OM1 just 33, OM4 400)
10GBASE-LR
Long Wavelength
Fiber type: SMF
Wavelength: 1310 nm
Physical Layer: LAN
Max length: 10km
Most popular, least expensive 10GbE type
10GBASE-LW
Long Wavelength
Fiber type: SMF
Wavelength: 1310 nm
Physical Layer: WAN/SONET
Max length: 10km
10GBASE-ER
Extra Long Wavelength
Fiber type: SMF
Wavelength: 1550 nm
Physical Layer: LAN
Max length: 40km
10GBASE-EW
Extra Long Wavelength
Fiber type: SMF
Wavelength: 1550 nm
Physical Layer: WAN/SONET
Max length: 40km
10GBASE-T
Cable type: Cat 6/6a UTP - full duplex
Signal: Baseband
Max distance: 55m with Cat 6, 100m with Cat 6a
Multi-Source Agreement
MSA
manfuactureres agree to make interoperable devices and standards, allows for 10 GbE equipment to communicate
typical 10GbE Transceiver
SFP+
Enhanced small form-factor pluggable
WDM
Wave division multiplexing
Allows one fiber cable to transmit and receive by using separate wavelengths (1310 nm send, 1550 nm receive)
