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IB computer science > Network > Flashcards

Network Flashcards

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1
Q

Server

A

A software app that provides a service to other computer systems connected to the same network

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2
Q

Client

A

A software app that requests a service from a server connected to the same network

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3
Q

Hub

A

Connection point for devices on a single network(via Ethernet or wireless)

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4
Q

Switch

A

Same thing as a hub but can identify which device is connected to which port

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5
Q

Router

A

Used to join multiple networks and serve as an intermediary between networks

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6
Q

Internet

A

A global WAN connecting millions of computer of computer systems (computer network can to the internet through an ISP)

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7
Q

Internet of Things

A

Anything that can connect to the in internet(has an assigned IP address)

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8
Q

Extranet

A

Computer network that uses the internet to allow controlled access by specific users to a specific LAN or WAN(require authorisation and anyone with the correct authorisation can connect)

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9
Q

Intranet

A

A private network with internet with internet protected by a firewall(no one without registration of the network can’t access)

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10
Q

P2P

A

Computers are clients and servers at the same time

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11
Q

OSI: Application Layer

A

Provides abstraction functions for apps to use (Example: http, https, SMTP, POP3 etc.)

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12
Q

OSI: Presentation Layer

A

Ensures the received data s in the correct format for the specific OS (Example: ASCII to UniCode, Big Endian Library, Little Endian Library)

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13
Q

OSI: Session Layer

A

Sets up and manages sessions (‘conversations’) between network nodes/users

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14
Q

OSI: Transport Layer

A

Breaks data into packets and handles their delivery and also performs error checking

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15
Q

OSI: Network Layer

A

Handles addressing of network nodes/users(by IP) and the routing data between them

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16
Q

OSI: Data Link Layer

A

Actually sends the packets between each node/user

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17
Q

OSI: Physical Layer

A

Computer data is translated into physical signals (light pulse, electrical signals etc.). In other words, it is the actually physical connection between them

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18
Q

Secure VPN

A

All traffic on the VPN must be encrypted, authenticated and then sent along virtual tunnels

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19
Q

VPN Type: Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)

A

NAME?

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20
Q

VPN Type: Secure Socket Layer (SSL) or Transport Layer Security (TLS)

A

NAME?

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21
Q

Trusted VPN

A

All traffic on the VPN relies on the security of the provider’s network to protect the network

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22
Q

Hybrid VPN

A

SECURE + TRUSTED VPNs

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23
Q

Site-to-Site VPN

A

NAME?

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24
Q

Remote Access VPN

A

Connect individual hosts to private networks and FACILITATES TELEWORKERS

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25
Q

Use of a VPN

A

NAME?

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26
Q

Protocol

A

NAME?

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27
Q

Data Packet

A

Portion of data that is transmitted through a network (contains checksum, parity bit, destination address etc.)

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28
Q

What protocols are require for a communication/transfer of data?

A

NAME?

29
Q

Network protocols also dictates…

A

NAME?

30
Q

Network protocols guarantees…

A

NAME?

31
Q

Data Integrity

A

Checksum mechanisms provide this

32
Q

Source Integrity

A

Identity of the sender is validated through digital signatures

33
Q

Flow Control

A

The protocol will request the sending application to slow down the data flow rate if the bandwidth is low

34
Q

Congestion

A

Congestion happens when the request on the network resources exceeds the offered capacity (solved by flow control or deadlock prevention)

35
Q

Deadlock

A

When two or more networks are waiting for each other to finish a task and neither ever does in the end (solved by persistence timer)

36
Q

Error checking

A

A process to find for errors (checksum)

37
Q

Error correction

A

The ability to fix the error (parity bit)

38
Q

Bandwidth

A

Theoretical speed of data in a medium

39
Q

Throughput

A

Actual transfer rate

40
Q

Bottleneck

A

Slowest segment in a network

41
Q

Goodput

A

Transfer rate of useful data (the actual data not metadata)

42
Q

Metadata

A

Checksum, parity bit, destination address, source address etc. (basically all the additional shit that goes with the whatever you are transferring)

43
Q

4 factors that affect speed of transmission

A

NAME?

44
Q

Data Compression

A

Reduces the size of files to be transmitted over a network

45
Q

Lossy data compression

A

NAME?

46
Q

Lossless data compression

A

NAME?

47
Q

Packet Switching

A

Refers to a communication method in which data are grouped into packets before transmission

48
Q

Datagram Packet Switching

A

Packet contains the review address and the path the datagram takes between the destination and source is the same

49
Q

Virtual Circuit Packet Switching

A

A route from source to destination is set up before any transmission takes place (route is fixed before sending)

50
Q

Advantages of Wireless Connection

A

NAME?

51
Q

Disadvantages of Wireless Connection

A

NAME?

52
Q

Software needed for wireless network

A

NAME?

53
Q

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

A

Allows a server to automatically assign an IP to a client device (router will do it automatically with DHCP)

54
Q

Firewall

A

Security system that determines what goes in and out of a network

55
Q

Service Set Identification (SSID)

A

A set of 32 alphanumeric characters used to differentiate one WLAN from another (case sensitive)

56
Q

Network Interface Card (NIC) Drivers

A

Acts as a translator between the card and the apps or OS of the device

57
Q

Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)

A

A set of protocols for accessing information over mobile wireless network

58
Q

Encryption

A

Complex mathematical algorithms and keys to alter data into a form that is not understandable to an unauthorised person

59
Q

Symmetric-key Encryption

A

Uses the same key for encryption and decryption (can be cracked by brute forcing)

60
Q

Public-key Encryption

A

Public key is used for encryption and a private key is generated to decrypt (Example: RSA encryption)

61
Q

Medium Access Control (MAC) Address

A

NAME?

62
Q

LAN

A

Computer network that connects computer systems that are within a limited geographical area

63
Q

WLAN

A

Wireless LAN

64
Q

VLAN

A

Used to partition the initial LAN, where every department is connected into LOGICAL SEPARATE NETWORKS

65
Q

WAN

A

LAN but geographically bigger

66
Q

Ways to access to internet

A

NAME?

67
Q

VPN

A

Like a LAN but allows remote clients to connect to the network and appear in the LAN

68
Q

PAN

A

Interconnects devices that are centerred around an individual person’s WORKSPACE

69
Q

VPN tech

A

Hardware:

IB computer science (6 decks)

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