NETACAD 12 IPv6 ADDRESSING Flashcards
What migration techniques have been put in place to move from IPv4 to IPv6
ual stack, tunneling, and translation.
Describe IPv6 Address Representation
IPv6 addresses are 128 bits in length and written as a string of hexadecimal values. Every 4 bits is represented by a single hexadecimal digit; for a total of 32 hexadecimal values. The preferred format for writing an IPv6 address is x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x, with each “x” consisting of four hexadecimal values. For example: 2001:0db8:0000:1111:0000:0000:0000:0200.
What are the rules that help to reduce the number of digits needed to represent an IPv6 address
he first rule to help reduce the notation of IPv6 addresses is to omit any leading 0s (zeros) in any hextet. For example: 2001:db8:0:1111:0:0:0:200. The second rule to help reduce the notation of IPv6 addresses is that a double colon (::) can replace any single, contiguous string of one or more 16-bit hextets consisting of all zeros. For example: 2001:db8:0:1111::200.
What are the types of IPv6 addresses
unicast, multicast, and anycast.
Decsribe subnet mask notation and prefix length in IPv6
IPv6 does not use the dotted-decimal subnet mask notation. Like IPv4, the prefix length is represented in slash notation and is used to indicate the network portion of an IPv6 address
Describe unicast IPv6 addressed
An IPv6 unicast address uniquely identifies an interface on an IPv6-enabled device. IPv6 addresses typically have two unicast addresses: GUA and LLA.
What are the uses of unique local addresses
they are used for local addressing within a site or between a limited number of sites, they can be used for devices that will never need to access another network, and they are not globally routed or translated to a global IPv6 address.
Describe GUA and give its three parts
IPv6 global unicast addresses (GUAs) are globally unique and routable on the IPv6 internet. These addresses are equivalent to public IPv4 addresses. A GUA has three parts: a global routing prefix, a subnet ID, and an interface ID.
What is the use of LLA
An IPv6 link-local address (LLA) enables a device to communicate with other IPv6-enabled devices on the same link and only on that link (subnet). Devices can obtain an LLA either statically or dynamically.
Describe dynamic addressing for IPv6 GUAs
A device obtains a GUA dynamically through ICMPv6 messages. IPv6 routers periodically send out ICMPv6 RA messages, every 200 seconds, to all IPv6-enabled devices on the network. An RA message will also be sent in response to a host sending an ICMPv6 RS message, which is a request for an RA message.
What does a ICMPv6 RA message include
network prefix and prefix length, default gateway address, and the DNS addresses and domain name.
What are the three main methods of RA messages
SLAAC
the client device uses the information in the RA message to create its own GUA because the message contains the prefix and the interface ID
SLAAC with a stateless DHCPv6 server
the RA message suggests devices use SLAAC to create their own IPv6 GUA, use the router LLA as the default gateway address, and use a stateless DHCPv6 server to obtain other necessary information.
stateful DHCPv6 (no SLAAC). the RA suggests that devices use the router LLA as the default gateway address, and the stateful DHCPv6 server to obtain a GUA, a DNS server address, domain name and all other necessary information.
How are interface IDs created in Dynamic Addressing for IPv6 GUAs
The interface ID can be created using the EUI-64 process or a randomly generated 64-bit number. The EUIs process uses the 48-bit Ethernet MAC address of the client and inserts another 16 bits in the middle of MAC address to create a 64-bit interface ID. Depending upon the operating system, a device may use a randomly generated interface ID.
What are the two tyoes of IPv6 multicast addresses
well-known multicast addresses and solicited node multicast addresses.
What are assigned multicast addresses and give examples of commonIPv6 assigned multicast groups
Assigned multicast addresses are reserved multicast addresses for predefined groups of devices. Well-known multicast addresses are assigned. Two commonIPv6 assigned multicast groups are: ff02::1 All-nodes multicast group and ff02::2 All-routers multicast group.
