Nervous Tissue

Question 1

2 divisions that make up the nervous system

Answer 1

central nervous system

peripheral nervous system

Question 2

2 principal neural cell types

Answer 2

neurons

neuroglia

Question 3

neuroglia means…

Answer 3

“nerve glue”

Question 4

glial cells of the CNS

Answer 4

astrocytes
oligodendrocytes
microglial cells
ependymal cells

Question 5

glial cells of the PNS

Answer 5

Schwann cells

satellite cells

Question 6

functions of neuroglia

Answer 6

support and protect the neurons
act as phagocytes
myelination
capillary-neuron exchanges
control chemical environment around neurons

Question 7

function of microglial cells

Answer 7

act as phagocytes

Question 8

function of oligodendrocytes

Answer 8

myelination

Question 9

function of Schwann cells

Answer 9

myelination

Question 10

function of astrocytes

Answer 10

control chemical environment around neurons

Question 11

neuroglia are not capable of…

Answer 11

generating and transmitting nerve impulses

Question 12

function of satellite cells

Answer 12

guide neural growth

Question 13

most abundant CNS neuroglia

Answer 13

astrocytes

Question 14

microglial cells are ______ cells

Answer 14

defensive

Question 15

function of ependymal cells

Answer 15

line cerebropsinal fluid-filled cavities

Question 16

two types of processes that neurons have

Answer 16

dendrites & axons

Question 17

function of dendrites

Answer 17

receptive regions

Question 18

function of axons

Answer 18

form impluse-generating and conducting regions

Question 19

the initial part of the axon

Answer 19

axon hillock

Question 20

substance within axon

Answer 20

chromatophilic substance

Question 21

there are _____ _____ ___ between Schwann cells

Answer 21

myelin sheath gaps

Question 22

an axon ends in ______ ______, which end in ___ ______

Answer 22

terminal branches; axon terminals

Question 23

axon terminals form ______ with other neurons or effector cells

Answer 23

synapses

Question 24

area between axon terminal and postsynaptic neuron

Answer 24

synaptic cleft

Question 25

action potential moves…

Answer 25

down the axon toward the synapse

Question 26

three classifications of neurons based on structure

Answer 26

multipolar
bipolar
unipolar

Question 27

in ______ neurons, there is only one very short process which splits into peripheral and central processes

Answer 27

unipolar

Question 28

nearly all neurons that conduct impulses toward the CNS are ______

Answer 28

unipolar

Question 29

_______ neurons have two processes attached to the clel body

Answer 29

bipolar

Question 30

________ neurons have a single axon and many dendrites

Answer 30

multipolar

Question 31

example of a multipolar cell

Answer 31

purkinje cell

Question 32

examples of bipolar cells

Answer 32

olfactory cells, retinal cells

Question 33

example of unipolar cell

Answer 33

dorsal root ganglion cell

Question 34

three classifications of neurons based on function

Answer 34

afferent (sensory) neuron
interneuron
efferent (motor) neuron

Question 35

interneurons are always located in the ___

Answer 35

CNS

Question 36

______ neurons conduct messages to the CNS

Answer 36

afferent

Question 37

______ neurons conduct messages away from the CNS

Answer 37

efferent

Question 38

connective tissue sheath that surrounds an axon and the myelin sheath

Answer 38

endoneurium

Question 39

groups of axons are bound by a coarse connective tissue called _______, forming ______

Answer 39

perineurium; fascicles

Question 40

fascicles are bound together by a white, fibrous sheath called the _______

Answer 40

epineurium