Nervous System Part 3 Flashcards
Separates the cerebral cortex sagittally
Median longitudinal fissure
Primary receiving area for general sensation
Postcentral gyrus
Primary motor area
Precentral gyrus
Crack between the precentral and postcentral gyri
Central sulcus
Crack in front of the precentral gyrus
Precentral sulcus
Crack behind the postcentral gyrus
Poscentral sulcus
Crack that makes the cerebrum look like a hand
Lateral fissure
Originates most corticospinal tract motor fibers
Precentral gyrus
Superior gyri directly in front of the precentral gyri
supplementary motor area
Lateral gyri directly in front of the precentral gyri
premotor cortex
Controls the trunk and proximal muscles
premotor cortex
Controls voluntary fine digital movement
Primary motor cortex
plans the performance of a sequence of movements from memory
Supplementary motor area
Small superior area of gyri directly in front of the SMA
Frontal eye fields
Voluntary control of extraocular movements
Frontal eye fields
Most anterior gyri of the frontal lobe
Prefrontal cortex
CEO of the brain
Prefrontal cortex
Broca’s motor speech area
Pars Triangularis
Pars Opercularis
Broca’s motor speech area is dominant on the ____ side
left side
A lesion here would cause expressive aphasia
Broca’s motor speech area
Primary somesthetic area
Postcentral gyrus
Brodmann’s area 3,1,2
Postcentral gyrus
Somethesis means what
general sensation
Postcentral gyrus communicates w/ the ________ _________
Lateral thalamus
What are the general sensory association areas of the parietal lobe?
Superior Parietal lobule
Inferior parietal lobule
What separates the superior and inferior parietal lobules
Interparietal sulcus
At the top of the lateral fissure you will find which gyrus?
Supramarginal gyrus
What gyrus is right behind the supramarginal gyrus?
Angular gyrus
Provides sensory tactile feedback to guide motor tasks and also is a small part of wernicke’s area
Supramarginal gyrus
What is wernicke’s area?
Speech comprehension area
Lesion of the supramarginal gyrus could cause what 2 disorders?
Dyspraxia (motor planning issues NOT memory related)
Receptive aphasia
Provides texture descrimination input for sensory feedback for motor tasks
Supramarginal Gyrus
Ideational disorder?
Doesn’t know what motor task to do
*supramarginal gyrus problem
Ideamotor disorder?
Knows what task to do but can’t do it
*supramarginal gyrus problem
Problems here cause dyspraxia
Supramarginal gyrus
A pt. cant remember how to put his coat on? What portion of the cerebral cortex is there a problem with?
SMA (supplementary motor area)
Area responsible for reading association
Angular Gyrus
80-85% of brain is _______ cortex
association cortex
A problem here can cause
Dyslexia
Agraphia
Acalculia
Finger Agnosia
Left-right disorientation
Angular Gyrus
What separates the parietal lobe from the occiptal lobe?
Parieto-occiptal sulcus
The primary visual area is in which cortex? (be specific)
Medial occipital cortex
The primary visual cortex receives info from what?
Thalamic relay nuclei (lateral nuclei)
A lesion where would cause cortical blindness
Primary visual cortex
A lesion here = visual agnosia
Association visual cortex
What does visual agnosia mean?
Can see but cant process/identify what they are seeing
What gyrus is the auditory cortex?
Anterior transverse temporal gyri
AKA Heschel’s Convolutions
Anterior transverse temporal gyri
Auditory cortex recieves info from where
Thalamic auditory relay nuclei (medial nuclei)
*aka CN VIII (vestibulocochlear n.)
What lobe is most of Wernike’s area located on?
Temporal
Problem w/ wernicke’s area = _____ _______
Receptive aphasia
What pathway connects Broca’s & Wernicke’s areas?
Arcuate fasciculus
Where is there lesion if pt. can speak well but just cant repeat speech?
Arcuate fasciculus
Loss of both broca’s and wernicke’s area = ______ ______
global aphasia
Area responsible for speech production
Broca’s area
Area responsible for speech comprehension
Wernicke’s area
What area of the cerebral cortex is not routed through the thalamus?
Piriform Cortex
Primary olfactory area
Piriform cortex
Area responsible for emotional response to olfaction
Entorhinal cortex
Responsible for emotional control & converting short-term memory to long-term memory
Hippocampus
One of the first structures affected by alzheimer’s disease
Hippocampus
The hippocampus connects to the ______
Fornix
Structure in the middle of the lateral ventricles (middle part of them) and also separates the fornix and corpus callosum
Septum pellucidum
Responsible for emotional memory (PTSD) and emotional fear
Amygdala
This lobe lies deep within the lateral fissure
Insular lobe
Responsible for compassion and emphathy and self awareness
Insular lobe
