Nervous System Part 2 Flashcards
4 parts of the diencephalon
Thalamus (2 lobes)
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus
Subthalamus (2 nuclei)
The hypothalamus is right above the _______
Pituitary gland
The hypothalamus is connected to the pituitary ________
Pituitary stalk
What structure separates the 2 thalamus lobes?
3rd ventricle
What structure makes the floor of the 3rd ventricle?
Hypothalamus
What 2 structures make up the roof of the 3rd ventricle?
Corpus callosum
Fornix
What structure is the largest portion of the diencephalon?
Thalamus
What is the structure that sometimes connects the 2 lobes of the thalamus superiorly (80% present)
Massa Intermedia
What separates the thalamus into the 3 nuclear regions?
Internal Medullary Lamina
Which nuclear region of the thalamus contains relay nuclei?
Lateral nuclear group
Which nuclear region of the thalamus contains association nuclei?
Anterior & some lateral
Which nuclear region of the thalamus contains diffuse nuclei?
Medial nuclear group
Project info from reticular formation to relay nuclei and then to the cerebral cortex
Diffuse nuclei of thalamus
project general/special sensation from incoming systems to cerebral cortex
Relay nuclei of thalamus
interconnect ipsilateral cerebral cortex w/ other parts of the cerebral cortex
association nuclei of thalamus
separates the thalamus from the hypothalamus
hypothalamic sulcus
Integrating center for the autonomic nervous system
Hypothalamus
Integrating center for the parasympathetic nervous system
anterior hypothalamus
Integrating center for the sympathetic nervous system
posterior hypothalamus
Where is the hunger center
Lateral hypothalamus
Where is the satiety (full) center
ventromedial hypothalamus
Where is the thirst center
anterior hypothalamus
Thermoregulation center
Preoptic area of hypothalamus
The pituitary gland is positioned behind the ______ ______
Optic Chiasm
Enlarged pituitary = potential for what kind of problems?
Vision problems
*it’s behind the optic chiasm
Ring of dura matter around pituitary stalk
Diaphragma sellae
Does the posterior pituitary make hormones?
No
Does the anterior pituitary make hormones?
Yes
Name the 3 parts of the pituitary gland
Pars anterior (adenohypophysis)
Pars posterior (neurohypophysis)
Pars intermedia
What controls the pituitary gland?
Hypothalamus
Name the anterior pituitary hormones
TSH
ACTH
FSH
LH
STH/GH
Prolactin
Name the hormones sent to the posterior pituitary
Oxytocin
Vasopressin (ADH)
ADH is housed where?
Posterior pituitary
Low ADH = Fluid ______
Fluid loss
High ADH = Fluid _____
Fluid retention
Hormone in pars intermedia?
MSH (melanocyte stimulating hormone)
What does the epithalamus contain?
Pineal body
Habenula
This structure calcifies w/ age and turns into “brain sand”
Pineal body
Contains melatonin and regulates sleep patterns
Pineal body
The _______ contains the substantial nigra
subthalamus
Associated w/ parkinson’s disease and secretes dopamine
substantial nigra
What does the substantial nigra secrete?
dopamine
Lesion of the sub thalamus = _________
Dyskinesia
