Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuroscience > Nervous System Cells > Flashcards

Nervous System Cells Flashcards

1
Q

What is a neuron?

A
  • Process information.
  • Sense environmental changes
  • Communicate changes to other neurons
  • Command bodies response
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the notable parts of the neutron?

A
  • Cell body
  • Dendrites
  • Axon
  • Synapse
  • Plasma membrane
  • Nucleus
  • Cytoplasm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the four classifications of neurons based on structure?

A

1) Multipolar
2) Unipolar
3) Bipolar
4) Anaxonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe multipolar neurons

A
  • Many dendrites
  • 1 axon
  • Cell body between dendrites and axon
  • Motor neurons in PNS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe unipolar neurons

A
  • Dendrites merge to 1 axon
  • Cell body on side of axon
  • Sensory neurons in PNS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe bipolar neurons

A
  • 1 dendrite
  • 1 axon
  • Cell body between dendrite and axon
  • Special sense organs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe anaxonic neurons

A
  • Can’t distinguish dendrites from axons
  • Cell body centrally located
  • Brain and special sense organ
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the three neurons based in function?

A
  • Sensory neurons
  • Motoneurons
  • Interneurons
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the direction of information for sensory neurons?

A

Sensory information from sensory receptors in body to CNS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is direction of information for motoneurons?

A

Movement commands from CNS to tissues in body (muscles or glands).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is direction of information for interneurons?

A

Forms connections with other neurons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is gray matter?

A

Certain regions have high density of neutron cell bodies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the areas associated with gray matter?

A
  • Cortex
  • Nucleus
  • Substantia
  • Locus
  • Ganglion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of the cortex?

A

Collection of neurons that form a thin sheet.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of the nucleus?

A

Distinguishable neuron mass.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of the substantia?

A

Group of related neurons with less distinct borders than nuclei.

17
Q

What is the function of the locus?

A

Small, well defined group of cells.

18
Q

What is the function of the ganglion?

A

Collection of neurons in PNS.

19
Q

What is white matter?

A

Certain regions have high density of axons.

20
Q

What are the areas associated with white matter?

A
  • Capsule
  • Commissure
  • Tract
  • Nerve
21
Q

What is the capsule?

A

Collection of axons that connect cerebrum with brain stem.

22
Q

What is the commissure?

A

Collection of axons that connection one side of brain to another.

23
Q

What is the tract?

A

Collection of axons in CNS that has common origin and destination.

24
Q

What is the nerve?

A

Bundle of axons in PNS

25
Q

What is the glia?

A

Support and protects neurons.

26
Q

What are the types of glial cells in the CNS?

A
  • Ependymal cells
  • Microglia
  • Astrocyte
  • Ogliodendrocytes
27
Q

What is the function of ependymal cells?

A

Assist in producing, circulating and monitoring cerebrospinal fluid.

28
Q

What is the function of the microglia?

A

Engulf cellular debris, waste products and pathogens.

29
Q

What is the function of the astrocytes?

A
  • Regulate chemical environment between neurons.

- Maintains blood-brain barrier. Form scar tissue after injury.

30
Q

What is the function of the ogliodendrocytes?

A

Layers of membrane (myelin) that insults axons in CNS

31
Q

What are the types of glial cells in the PNS?

A
  • Schwann cells

- Satellite Cells

32
Q

What is the function of the Schwann cells?

A

Provide myelin for axons in PNS.

33
Q

What is the function of the satellite cells?

A

Surround neuron cell bodies in ganglions. Regulate chemical environment around neurons (extracellular fluid).

34
Q

What is the term that is used to describe a neuron that releases acetylcholine (ACh)?

A

Cholingeric.

Neuroscience (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions