Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

What is function of sympathetic division?

Answer 1

• Mobilizes body for short term emergency.

- Fight, flight or fright.

Question 2

What innovates the sympathetic division?

Answer 2

-Branches from thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves

Question 3

What is the function of parasympathetic division?

Answer 3

• Works calmly for long-term good.

- Rest and digest.

Question 4

What innervates the parasympathetic division?

Answer 4

-Cranial nerves III, VII, IX, X.

Question 5

What are the 3 basic patterns for organ innervation and regulation?

Answer 5

• Organ innervated and/or regulated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions with opposing functions (i.e. heart rate).
• Organ innervated and/or regulated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions with complementary functions (i.e. male reproductive system).
• Organ innervated and/or regulated by sympathetic or parasympathetic activity (i.e. blood vessels only sympathetic).

Question 6

What types of tissues do the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions?

Answer 6

• Glands.
• Smooth Muscle.
• Cardiac Muscle.
• Adipose tissue.

Question 7

What neurotransmitters do they use and what types of receptors do they bind to?

Answer 7

• Acetylcholine binds to cholinergic receptors (nicotinic and muscarinic)
• Adrenaline and Noradrenaline bind to adrenergic receptors (alpha and beta).

Question 8

Which structure primarily controls sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions?

Answer 8

Hypothalamus.

Question 9

What is an example of how sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions contribute to feedback loops that regulate organ system function?

Answer 9

Baroreceptor reflex.