Nervous System Basic and Spinal Cord

Question 1

What segments of the spine have a larger part of the spinal cord? Why is this?

Answer 1

Cervical and Lumbar region because of nerves supplying extremities (plexus)

Question 2

Where does the spinal cord ends in adults? Children

Answer 2

Adults- L1-L2
Children L4-L5

Question 3

List the structures of the spinal cord from the most superfical to deep

Answer 3

Epidural space
Dura mater
Subdural space
arachnoid mater
subarchnoid space
Pia mater

Question 4

What does the epidural space hold

Answer 4

vertebral venous plexus

Question 5

what does the subarachnoid space hold

Answer 5

cerebral spinal fluid

Question 6

what type of tissue is the epidural space

Answer 6

fat, loose, connective tissue

Question 7

where does the dural sac and arachnoid mater end

Answer 7

level of S2

Question 8

what is the subdural space

Answer 8

a potential space that contains a layer of capillary fluid

Question 9

what is the purpose of arachnoid mater

Answer 9

covers the nerve roots and spinal ganglia

Question 10

________ ligaments are extensions of the pia mater that help stablize the cord laterally

Answer 10

denticulate

Question 11

encases blood vessels in the spinal cord

Answer 11

pia mater

Question 12

what is the anterior spinal artery formed by

Answer 12

a fusion of branches off of the vertebral arteries of cervical region

Question 13

how much does the anterior spinal artery supply the spinal cord

Answer 13

anterolateral 2/3

Question 14

How do segmental medullary arteries work?

Answer 14

they branch off of different arteries in the trunk, neck, or intercostal arteries. They enter the vertebral canal through intervertebral foramina. When they join spinal arteries, they dumb blood into one or more of the main three spinal arteries

Question 15

where does the great anterior medullary artery supply to

Answer 15

anterior spinal artery which feeds inferior 2/3 of cord

Question 16

radicular arteries only supply _______, why?

Answer 16

nerve roots, due to them not actually connecting to the anterior/posterior spinal arteries

Question 17

what is the purpose of the filum terminale

Answer 17

anchors the cord inferiorly toward the coccyx

Question 18

the PNS contains

Answer 18

12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves

Question 19

All spinal nerves are formed from ____ fibers and ____ fibers

Answer 19

GSE, GVA, GSA

Question 20

plexus are made of up _________ only

Answer 20

ventral rami

Question 21

ventral rami can be a _______ or a ______

Answer 21

plexus, intercostal/thoracic nerve

Question 22

what are the 4 plexuses

Answer 22

Cervical, Brachial, Lumbar, Sacral

Question 23

C1 nerve is called the

Answer 23

suboccipital nerve

Question 24

Spinal Nerves T1-L2 contain

Answer 24

motor neuron fibers (preganglionic GVE) of sympathic division via the white rami

Question 25

Spinal nerves S2-S4 contain>>>

Answer 25

motor neuron fibers (preganglionic GVE) of the parasympathetic division

Question 26

only the ______ segment has white and grey rami that connects it to the sympathetic chain

Answer 26

T1-L2

Question 27

cutaneous nerves carry _______ and ________ of sympathtic system

Answer 27

somatic sensory and automatic neuron

Question 28

is the lateral or medial side of the body innervated by more nerves?

Answer 28

lateral

Question 29

GSEs are located where in the spinal cord

Answer 29

ventral horn

Question 30

what are myotomes

Answer 30

skeletal muscles or parts of a muscle innervated by a given spinal nerve

Question 31

the nervous system is seperated into two systems called the ___________ and the ________

Answer 31

central (CNS) and peripheral (PNS)

Question 32

the PNS is seperated into two systems which are called the

Answer 32

autonomic (visercal) nervous system and the somatic nervous system

Question 33

the autonomic nervous system is serpated into another two divisions called the

Answer 33

sympathetic and parasympathetic divison

Question 34

the autonomic system is a ____ neuron pathway

Answer 34

two

Question 35

the somatic nervous system is a ___ neuron system between CNS and effector

Answer 35

one

Question 36

the preganglionic neuron cell bodys are located in the ________ of the sympathetic division and exit in the ________ of the parasympathtic division

Answer 36

lateral horns of the thoracic and upper lumbar region, four crainal nerves (3,7,9,10) and sacral level of spinal cord

Question 37

the __________ promotes homeostasis and quiet and orderly body processes

Answer 37

parasympathetic nervous system

Question 38

why do sympathetic chains occur

Answer 38

due to the preganglionic neurons that pass from one level of sympathetic chain to another

Question 39

the dorsal dermatone of ______ is the posterior neck and shoulders

Answer 39

C3-C4

Question 40

the dorsal dermatone of ______ is the back of spinal due to iliac crest

Answer 40

T2-L3

Question 41

C2 is the dorsal dermatone

Answer 41

Dorsal Ramus of C2 (greater occipital nerve)