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Gross Anatomy > Nervous System Basic and Spinal Cord > Flashcards

Nervous System Basic and Spinal Cord Flashcards

1
Q

What segments of the spine have a larger part of the spinal cord? Why is this?

A

Cervical and Lumbar region because of nerves supplying extremities (plexus)

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2
Q

Where does the spinal cord ends in adults? Children

A

Adults- L1-L2
Children L4-L5

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3
Q

List the structures of the spinal cord from the most superfical to deep

A

Epidural space
Dura mater
Subdural space
arachnoid mater
subarchnoid space
Pia mater

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4
Q

What does the epidural space hold

A

vertebral venous plexus

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5
Q

what does the subarachnoid space hold

A

cerebral spinal fluid

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6
Q

what type of tissue is the epidural space

A

fat, loose, connective tissue

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7
Q

where does the dural sac and arachnoid mater end

A

level of S2

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8
Q

what is the subdural space

A

a potential space that contains a layer of capillary fluid

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9
Q

what is the purpose of arachnoid mater

A

covers the nerve roots and spinal ganglia

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10
Q

________ ligaments are extensions of the pia mater that help stablize the cord laterally

A

denticulate

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11
Q

encases blood vessels in the spinal cord

A

pia mater

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12
Q

what is the anterior spinal artery formed by

A

a fusion of branches off of the vertebral arteries of cervical region

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13
Q

how much does the anterior spinal artery supply the spinal cord

A

anterolateral 2/3

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14
Q

How do segmental medullary arteries work?

A

they branch off of different arteries in the trunk, neck, or intercostal arteries. They enter the vertebral canal through intervertebral foramina. When they join spinal arteries, they dumb blood into one or more of the main three spinal arteries

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15
Q

where does the great anterior medullary artery supply to

A

anterior spinal artery which feeds inferior 2/3 of cord

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16
Q

radicular arteries only supply _______, why?

A

nerve roots, due to them not actually connecting to the anterior/posterior spinal arteries

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17
Q

what is the purpose of the filum terminale

A

anchors the cord inferiorly toward the coccyx

18
Q

the PNS contains

A

12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves

19
Q

All spinal nerves are formed from ____ fibers and ____ fibers

A

GSE, GVA, GSA

20
Q

plexus are made of up _________ only

A

ventral rami

21
Q

ventral rami can be a _______ or a ______

A

plexus, intercostal/thoracic nerve

22
Q

what are the 4 plexuses

A

Cervical, Brachial, Lumbar, Sacral

23
Q

C1 nerve is called the

A

suboccipital nerve

24
Q

Spinal Nerves T1-L2 contain

A

motor neuron fibers (preganglionic GVE) of sympathic division via the white rami

25
Q

Spinal nerves S2-S4 contain»>

A

motor neuron fibers (preganglionic GVE) of the parasympathetic division

26
Q

only the ______ segment has white and grey rami that connects it to the sympathetic chain

A

T1-L2

27
Q

cutaneous nerves carry _______ and ________ of sympathtic system

A

somatic sensory and automatic neuron

28
Q

is the lateral or medial side of the body innervated by more nerves?

A

lateral

29
Q

GSEs are located where in the spinal cord

A

ventral horn

30
Q

what are myotomes

A

skeletal muscles or parts of a muscle innervated by a given spinal nerve

31
Q

the nervous system is seperated into two systems called the ___________ and the ________

A

central (CNS) and peripheral (PNS)

32
Q

the PNS is seperated into two systems which are called the

A

autonomic (visercal) nervous system and the somatic nervous system

33
Q

the autonomic nervous system is serpated into another two divisions called the

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic divison

34
Q

the autonomic system is a ____ neuron pathway

A

two

35
Q

the somatic nervous system is a ___ neuron system between CNS and effector

A

one

36
Q

the preganglionic neuron cell bodys are located in the ________ of the sympathetic division and exit in the ________ of the parasympathtic division

A

lateral horns of the thoracic and upper lumbar region, four crainal nerves (3,7,9,10) and sacral level of spinal cord

37
Q

the __________ promotes homeostasis and quiet and orderly body processes

A

parasympathetic nervous system

38
Q

why do sympathetic chains occur

A

due to the preganglionic neurons that pass from one level of sympathetic chain to another

39
Q

the dorsal dermatone of ______ is the posterior neck and shoulders

A

C3-C4

40
Q

the dorsal dermatone of ______ is the back of spinal due to iliac crest

A

T2-L3

41
Q

C2 is the dorsal dermatone

A

Dorsal Ramus of C2 (greater occipital nerve)

Gross Anatomy (9 decks)

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