Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Gross Anatomy > heart > Flashcards

heart Flashcards

1
Q

what is the protective covering of the heart that surronds the heart and attches the roots of the great vessels

A

pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the outer sac like layer of the pericardium

A

fibrous pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the serous layer that lines the fibrous pericardium

A

parietal serous membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

a serous layer that adheres directly to the myocardium and covers the root of the eight great vessels

A

visecreal serous pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

where is the pericardial cavity and what purpose does it serve

A

it lies between the visceral and parietal layers of the serous pericardium. it secretes a thin layer of fluid that reduces friction as the heart beats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the apex of the heart is located on the level of the ___ intercostal space

A

5th

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the diaphragmatic space is formed by mostly what part of the heart?

A

left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the right and left surfaces of the heart are primarly formed by the _______ and ________

A

right atrium and left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the atriums are seperated from the ventricles by the

A

coronary sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what seperates the two ventricles

A

anterior and posterior interventricular sulci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what type of blood does the right atrium recieve and how does it recieve it

A

recieves blood low in oxygen and high in carbon-dioxide. it recieves it through the superior and inferior vena cavae and coronary sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

valves at the opening of the opening of the coronary sinus and inferior vena cavae

A

rudimentary valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the function of the auricle

A

increases internal surface area of the right atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what seperates the right atrium from the left

A

interatrial septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the purpose of the fossa ovale

A

fetal opening between left and right atria that shunted blood across the heart to avoid the pulmonary circuit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the fossa ovalis is typically larger in the left or right atrium

A

right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

blood flows from the right atrium to the __________ through the __________

A

right ventricle, tricupid valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are the three cusps of the triscupid valve

A

septal, anterior, and posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what type of blood does the right ventricle recieve and where does it recieve it from

A

blood that is low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide from the right atrium (through the triscupid valve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the trabeculum that extends freely from the interventricular septum

A

septomarginal trabecula (moderator band)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what does the moderator band contain

A

branch of the atrioventricular (AV) bundle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the valve at the exit of the right atrium called

A

pulmonary semilunar valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are the pulmonary valve cusps called

A

right, left, anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is the purpose of valves and how do they work

A

valves prevent a backflow of blood from entering back into the atriums. the blood pushes its way through the valve going from an area of high pressure to low pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

the left atrium recieves what type of blood and from where

A

blood high in oxygen and low in carbon dioxide. it recieves it from the pulmonary veins (coming from the lungs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

the left ventricle recieves the blood from where and what type of blood

A

the high oxygen and low in carbon dioxide blood goes through the biscupid valve (of the left atrium) into the left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what are the two cusps of the biscupid valve

A

anterior and posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what are the variations of the left ventricle compared to the right ventricle

A
  • lacks a moderator band
  • wall on the left is significantly thicker in order to push blood to the rest of the systemic circuit
29
Q

where does the blood exit from the left ventricle at (specific)

A

to the aorta out of the aortic semilunar valve

30
Q

what are the cusps of the aortic semilunar valve

A

right, left, and posterior

31
Q

the right coronary artery arises from the _______ and desends in the _____

A

aorta, coronary sulcus

32
Q

the ________ artery travels in the coronary sulcus between the left ventricle and left atrium

A

circumflex

33
Q

the venous drainage of the myocardium is by the ___________

A

coronary sulcus

34
Q

what are the major tributaries of the coronary sinus

A

the great cardiac, middle cardiac, and small cardiac veins

35
Q

the great cardiac vein is accompanied by the

A

anterior interventricular and circumflex arteries

36
Q

the middle cardiac vein is accompanied by the

A

posterior interventricular artery

37
Q

the small cardiac vein is accompanied by the

A

marginal branch of the right coronary artery

38
Q

parasympathetic neuron fibers come from the ________ nerve and it ________ the heart rate

A

vagus nerve, slows down

39
Q

sympathetic neuron fibers come from the _____________ and it _______the heart rate

A

upper thoracic region, sppeds up

40
Q

both the heart and mediastinum darin to the __________ and ________ nodes

A

tracheobronchial and brachiocephalic

41
Q

the right border of the heart extends to the ____ costal cartliage

A

7th

42
Q

the ____________ node is the “pacemaker”

A

sinoatrial

43
Q

the atrioventricular fiber splits into conduction myofibers called

A

purkinje fibers

44
Q

what is the purpose of the fibrous skeleton connective tissue in the heart

A

to block action poetentials

45
Q

what are the great vessels

A

superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
pulmonary arteries (2)
pulmonary veins (4)
aorta

46
Q

what is the purpose of the thymus gland

A

T-lymphocytes site and important of the immune system

47
Q

the arterial supply of the thyroid gland is

A

internal thoracic, anterior intercostal, and inferior thyroid arteries

48
Q

venous drainage from the thymus gland is the

A

brachiocephalic, internal thoracic, and inferior thyroid veins

49
Q

lympatics of the thymus gland include

A

paratsernal nodes, brachiocephalic nodes, and tracheobronchial lymph nodes

50
Q

what bypassed the non-function fetal lungs

A

ligamentum arteriosum

51
Q

what connects the pharynx to the stomach

A

esophagus

52
Q

the thoracic duct empties into

A

junction of left subclavian and left internal jugular veins

53
Q

the azygos vein connects

A

superior and inferior vena cava

54
Q

the _______ drain into the azygos system

A

posterior intercostal veins

55
Q

the left recurrent laryngeal nerve supplies

A

nearly all intristic muscles of the left side of larynx

56
Q

what are the branches off of the thoracic aorta

A

bronchial arterties, esophageal, pericardial, mediastinal, posterior intercostal, subcostal, and superior phrenic arteries

57
Q

the two ________ nerves merge to form the bulk of the esophageal plexus

A

vagus

58
Q

the anterior and posterior vagal trunk will pass through the ______________

A

esophageal hiatus

59
Q

the venous system that drains blood from the thoracic wall into the superior vena cava

A

azygos system

60
Q

the throacic splanchic nerves supply…..

A

sympathetic innervation for most abdominal viscera

61
Q

great splanchnic nerves arise from

A

5th-9th thoracic sympathetic chain

62
Q

lesser splanchnic nerves arise

A

10th-11th thoracic sympathetic chain

63
Q

lowest splanchic nerves arise

A

12th thoracic sympathetic chain

64
Q

the ventral rami of T2-L1 supply

A

skin of anterior thorax and abdomen

65
Q

all cutaneous nerves carry _______ input and _______ output

A

GSA, GVE

66
Q

ventral rami of T2-T12 course along

A

ribs as intercostal and subcostal nerves

67
Q

ventral ramus of T2 is often called

A

intercostobrachial nerve

68
Q

nipple level is usally supplied by the……

A

ventral ramus of T4

69
Q

belly button is supplied by the……

A

ventral ramus of T10

Gross Anatomy (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions