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nervous system and behavior Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

interactions between two systems

A

circulatory and respiratory (o2 and nutrients)

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2
Q

how is the central nervous system activated

A

change in the environment

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3
Q

how does the message travel in the central nervous system

A

sensory neurons, spinal cord, brain, motor neurons

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4
Q

autonomic nervous system parts

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic

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5
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

fight or flight

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6
Q

parasympathetic

A

rest and digest

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7
Q

what does the nervous system do

A

alerts and orders your body

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8
Q

stimulus

A

touching

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9
Q

response

A

movement

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10
Q

cell body

A

holds the nucleus

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11
Q

nucleus

A

stores dna and rna

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12
Q

mylin sheath

A

protects and insulates axon

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13
Q

axon

A

conducting fiber

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14
Q

axon terminals

A

transmitters

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15
Q

dendrites

A

receivers

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16
Q

why is the shape of the neuron perfect

A

more surface area (long and has branches)

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17
Q

analogy for a neuron

A

telephone wire

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18
Q

sensory neuron

A

takes in messages to brain and spinal cord

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19
Q

connecting neuron

A

in brain and spinal cord- connects other neurons

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20
Q

motor neuron

A

takes messages from CNS to muscles

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21
Q

parts of a neuron where a signal travels

A

dendrites, cell body, axon, axon terminals

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22
Q

synapse

A

permits neuron to pass a signal along

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23
Q

how does a signal go across a synapse

A

neurotransmitter hormones (acetycholine)

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24
Q

what is a neurotransmitter

A

transmits signals from a synapse to a neuron

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25
Q

two divisions of the nervous system

A

central and peripheral

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26
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

motor and sensory nerves, autonomic

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27
Q

central nervous system

A

brain, spinal cord

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28
Q

cerebrum

A

thought and action

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29
Q

cerebellum

A

posture, balance

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30
Q

spinal cord

A

reflex actions

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31
Q

brain stem

A

vital functions, connects brain to spine

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32
Q

sympathetic nervous system function

A

to sense fear

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33
Q

physiological changes when you activate the sympathetic nervous system

A

more oxygen, realsed sugar, heart beat increased, less blood to digestive system, goose bumps

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34
Q

reflex

A

action in response to stimulus

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35
Q

what protects the brain

A

fluid, skull, membranes

36
Q

what protects the spinal cord

A

vertebre, meninges, fluid

37
Q

how do you protect your brain

A

wear a helmet (DUH)

38
Q

how do you protect your spinal cord

A

wear a seatbelt (DUH)

39
Q

how do our eyes adjust when we go from indoors to bright sunlight

A

our pupils get smaller

40
Q

how do our eyes adjust when we enter a dark theater

A

our pupils get bigger

41
Q

tears

A

keep the cornea moist

42
Q

where do tears drain

A

nose- if there are too many they spill over your lower eyelids

43
Q

how is the cornea kept moist

A

your eyelids wipe tears over cornea

44
Q

purpose of cornea

A

lets light in, focuses

45
Q

iris

A

regulates pupil

46
Q

pupil

A

a hole that lets light in

47
Q

purpose of lens

A

focuses light

48
Q

retina

A

sensitive to light

49
Q

rods

A

pick up b/w

50
Q

cones

A

pick up color

51
Q

optic nerve

A

messages from eye to brain

52
Q

where are rods and cones

A

retina

53
Q

is the muscle which controls your lens relaxed or contracted for close work

A

contracted

54
Q

is the lens thin or fat for close work

A

fat

55
Q

are the ligaments tense or slack for close work

A

slack

56
Q

cochlea

A

detect frequences

57
Q

auditory nerve

A

sound to brain

58
Q

semi-circular canals

A

sense of balance

59
Q

eustachian tube

A

balances pressure

60
Q

eardrum

A

vibrates when sound passes

61
Q

wax

A

lubricates eardrum

62
Q

wax is to the_______as tears are to eyes

A

eardrum

63
Q

what do taste and smell have in common

A

chemicals in food/air

64
Q

what’s the largest sensory organ/what’s it for

A

skin/touch

65
Q

examples of diffusion

A

synapsis message

66
Q

examples of homeostasis

A

nervous system/ Eustachian Tube

67
Q

examples of structure/function

A

ears amplify sound

68
Q

examples of systems

A

eyes/brain

69
Q

examples of surface area

A

neurons in ear

70
Q

physiological needs

A

food, air, shelter, water

71
Q

rut-in-the-road theory

A

you get stuck in your ways

72
Q

creativity

A

creativity is the natural use of ideas/imagination

73
Q

for a right handed person, speech, motor control, and logical thinking are controlled by the ______ side of the ______

A

left, cerebrum

74
Q

how does looking at the brain of a stroke victim help discover which side of the brain is used for what

A

you could look at an impaired brain and see what is wrong by matching it up with the symptoms

75
Q

what do you do to maximize learning ability

A

breakfast, exercise, rest

76
Q

what does rem stand for

A

rapid eye movement

77
Q

why is rem sleep important for learning

A

what you learn goes into your long term memory

78
Q

what is motivation

A

competition

79
Q

does motivation help or hinder learning

A

help

80
Q

what positive things motivate schoolwork

A

grades, knowledge

81
Q

what negative things motivate schoolwork

A

punishment (self and otherwise)

82
Q

what are emotions

A

feelings

83
Q

placebo

A

a placebo is a sugar pill. tell a patient it’s pain relief and they will find real relief with the power of suggestion

84
Q

responses to fear

A

faster heartbeat, faster breathing, more glucose in blood, goose bumps

85
Q

mental and physical dangers of repressed emotions

A

extra chemicals damage tissues, distress, depression, ‘exploding’ emotions

Science (5 decks)

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