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LSR Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

exocrine glands

A

Makes hormones that leaves the body through tubes

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2
Q

endocrine glands

A

makes hormones that stay in the blood

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3
Q

What cells do hormones affect? What are those cells called?

A

Hormones only affect cells that have receptors for them

Those cells are called target cells

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4
Q

What system can start hormone production?

A

nervous

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5
Q

Give an example showing negative feedback (ab)

A

Thyroid and Pituitary

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6
Q

testosterone

A

male sex hormone

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7
Q

progesterone and estrogen

A

female sex hormones

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8
Q

testes

A

sperm/testosterone

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9
Q

urethra (female)

A

pee & discharge passageway

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10
Q

urethra (male)

A

urine and sperm passageway

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11
Q

uterus

A

where fertilized egg attaches, where placenta forms and embryo and fetus develop

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12
Q

cervix

A

opening at bottom of uterus where baby is held

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13
Q

clitoris

A

site of female sexual arousal - kind of like penis

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14
Q

menstrual cycle

A

when the extra lining that was built up in the uterus in case an egg is fertilized is released-with some blood

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15
Q

hormones

A

a chemical made by the body
each hormone works on certain
tissues/organs called targets
made in endocrine glands

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16
Q

in which part of a cell do you find chromosomes?

A

nucleus

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17
Q

what kind of cell has no chromosomes?

A

red blood cell b/c they have no nucleus

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18
Q

what pair of chromosomes makes a boy? A girl?

A

xy, xx

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19
Q

What is the path of a sperm from where it is produced until it meets an unfertilized egg.

A

testes, epididymis, sperm duct, urethra, vagina, uterus, oviduct (fallopian tube)

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20
Q

diff btw sex and gender?

A

sex is biological gender is how society portrays you

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21
Q

menopause

A

when a women no longer menstruates

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22
Q

ovulation

A

when the egg is released from the ovary

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23
Q

secrete

A

to send out

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24
Q

masturbation

A

handling genitals for pleasure

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25
Q

wet dream

A

when sperm and semen is ejaculated during sleep

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26
Q

erection

A

when the penis becomes engorged with blood and stiff so if can enter the vagina

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27
Q

ejaculation.

A

when sperm and semen are sent out of the body in spurts

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28
Q

fertilization

A

when egg and sperm join in the females body.

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29
Q

arousal

A

Sexual excitement where the genitals swell with blood

30
Q

Why does the egg and sperm only have 23 chromosomes when a cell needs 46?

A

Because when the combine to make a baby the cell will combine the 23 chromosomes from the egg and sperm and the baby cell will actually have 46 chromosomes. If this did not happen then the amount of chromosomes in someones body would multiply by 2 every time they had a baby.

31
Q

Why do endocrine glands have receptors?

A

Because without receptors the hormone wouldn’t know where to go yet with receptors its like a key and lock.

32
Q

secondary (both)
secondary (male)
secondary (female)

A

hair, voice
beard, shoulders
breast, hips

33
Q

primary (male)

primary (female)

A

testes, penis

vagina, ovaries

34
Q

what can go from the mother to the baby by diffusing from the mother’s blood to the baby’s

A

amino acids, vitamin c, glucose, carbon dioxide, alcohol, fatty acids, oxygen, glycerol, vitamin a

35
Q

difference between puberty and adolescence

A

puberty is the physical and sexual maturation. adolescence is all maturation.

36
Q

scrotum

A

cools and holds testes

37
Q

prostate

A

produces semen and neutralizes the acid from your pee

38
Q

seminal vesicles

A

produces semen

39
Q

sperm duct

A

carries mature sperm into the urethra

40
Q

ovary

A

produces eggs, estrogen, and progesteron

41
Q

oviduct/fallopian tube

A

takes eggs from the ovary to the uterus

42
Q

clitoris

A

main site of sexual arousal in females

43
Q

vagina

A

passageway for babies, menstrual flow, and the penis/sperm

44
Q

labia

A

covers and protects the vaginal opening

45
Q

epididymis

A

where the sperm matures

46
Q

how long do sperm live inside the female

A

3-5 days

47
Q

how long do eggs usually live after ovulation

A

1-2 days

48
Q

where is FSH produced

A

pituitary

49
Q

where is estrogen produced

A

follicle in ovary

50
Q

where is LH produced

A

pituitary

51
Q

where is progesterone produced

A

corpus luteum/ overy

52
Q

where is membrane hormone produced?

A

membrane of embryo

53
Q

FSH

A

STIMULATES FOLLICLE AND EGG

54
Q

estrogen

A

negative feedback/uterus lining

55
Q

LH

A

ovulation, heals follicle

56
Q

progesterone

A

thicken uterus, stop FSH and LH

57
Q

membrane hormone

A

keeps corpus luteum alive

58
Q

fontanel

A

space between skull bones of an infant/fetus

59
Q

placenta

A

attached by umbilical cord. also called afterbirth

60
Q

during the first 8 weeks of development, the baby is called an ______ whereas after this it is known as a ______.

A

embryo, fetus

61
Q

Does the blood of the mother and the developing baby mix

A

no

62
Q

when do humans grow the fastest

A

before birth

63
Q

all traits are determined by ________ and/or _______

A

heredity, environment

64
Q

3 heredity traits

A

chin shape, eye color, eye shape

65
Q

3 environment traits

A

language, culture, religion

66
Q

3 heredity and environment traits

A

growth, weight, maturation age

67
Q

most boys reach their full height at age ___. most girls reach their full height at age ___.

A

18, 16.5

68
Q

girls are usually taller than boys between the ages of ______

A

10-13

69
Q

most girls grow the fastest between _____. most boys grow the fastest between _____.

A

10-12, 12-15

70
Q

about what age does an infant’s growth rate slow?

A

2

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