Nervous System

Question 1

role of nervous system

Answer 1

integrate info and decide on an appropriate response

Question 2

sensory neurons

Answer 2

detect important internal and external stimuli

Question 3

central nervous system (interneurons)

Answer 3

integrate information in its current context and with recent history to produce the most appropriate output

Question 4

majority of cells in nervous system

Answer 4

interneurons

Question 5

morot neurons

Answer 5

carry the output of the central nervous system to the effector cells that produce the appropriate response

Question 6

neurons

Answer 6

the functional unit of the nervous system

receive and transmit info

Question 7

transduction

Answer 7

conversion of energy from one form to another

Question 8

GLIA

Answer 8

supporting cells in the nervous system that fulfill a variety of important rolls

Question 9

roles of GLIA

Answer 9

structural support
maintenance of ionic compositions
remove extra chemicals
insulate neurons electrically
formation of blood brain barrier
provide a path for developing neurons
secretion of compounds for neuronal maintenance
participate in flow in the nervous system

Question 10

membrane potential

Answer 10

language of neurons
potential difference across their plasma membrane
Vm

Question 11

equilibrium

Answer 11

electrical gradient and concentrating gradient balance out

Question 12

two factors affect movement of ions

Answer 12

concentration gradient

charge

Question 13

synaptic transmission

Answer 13

cell to cell communications

Question 14

electrical synapses ( gap junctions)

Answer 14

provide a direct connection between cells.
very fast, reliable, limited to flexibility
formed by proteins called connexons

Question 15

excitatory (depolarizing) na+ ca2+ channels

Answer 15

moves cell closer to threshold

Question 16

inhibitory ( hyperpolarizing) k+ cl- cahnnels

Answer 16

moves cell further from threshold

Question 17

summation

Answer 17

postsynaptic neurons sum up all their inputs in both time and space…
synaptic integration

Question 18

excitatory

Answer 18

depolarizing

Question 19

inhibits

Answer 19

hyperpolarization

Question 20

indirect synaptic transmission

Answer 20

activation of 2nd messenger pathways

neurotransmitter binds to and activates a receptor that is not directly coupled with an ion channel

Question 21

AMPA

Answer 21

cation selective channel (Na, K)

Question 22

NMDA

Answer 22

permeable to Na, K, and Ca

active only when both glutamate is bound and the cell is depolarized

Question 23

depolarization

Answer 23

due to increase in activity
activation
mV becoming more positive

Question 24

hyperpolarization

Answer 24

decrease in activity
inhibition
mV becoming less positive