Nervous system

Question 1

Master controlling and communicating system of the body

Answer 1

Nervous System

Question 2

Nervous system does not work alone to regulate and maintain body homeostasis, what is the 2nd important regulating system

Answer 2

Endocrine system

Question 3

3 functions of NS

Answer 3

• Sensory input
• Integration
• Motor output

Question 4

Structural classifications include

Answer 4

all nervous system, which includes CNS and PNS

Question 5

CNS consists of

Answer 5

brain and spinal cord

Dorsal cavity

Question 6

Function of CNS

Answer 6

Act as the integrating and command centers of the NS

Interpret incoming sensory information

Question 7

PNS

Answer 7

part of the NS outside the CNS

Question 8

PNS consists mainly of

Answer 8

nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord

Question 9

Carry impulses to and from the spinal cord

Answer 9

Spinal nerves

Question 10

Carry impulses to and from the brain

Answer 10

Cranial nerves

Question 11

Cranial nerves act as

Answer 11

communication lines

Question 12

Functional classification is concerned only with

Answer 12

PNS structures

Question 13

2 subdivisions of PNS

Answer 13

Sensory (afferent)

Motor (efferent)

Question 14

Function of sensory division

Answer 14

Convey impulses to the CNS from sensory receptors located in various parts of the body.

Question 15

Afferent

Answer 15

to go forward

Question 16

Sensory fibers delivering impulses from the skin, skeletal muscles and joints are called

Answer 16

somatic sensory fibers

Question 17

Meaning of “soma”

Answer 17

body

Question 18

Those transmitting impulses from the visceral organs are called

Answer 18

visceral sensory fibers or visceral afferents

Question 19

Keeps the CNS constantly informed of events going on both inside and outside of the body

Answer 19

Sensory division

Question 20

Function of Motor or efferent division

Answer 20

carries impulses from the CNS to effector organs, the muscles and glands

Question 21

“effect”

Answer 21

bring about

Question 22

What activate muscle and glands

Answer 22

impulses from the CNS

Question 23

2 subdivisions of motor division

Answer 23

Somatic

autonomic

Question 24

Define Somatic NS

Answer 24

Allows us to voluntarily control our skeletal muscles

Question 25

Define Autonomic NS

Answer 25

Regulates events that are automatic or involuntary such as activities of smooth and cardiac muscles and glands.

Question 26

2 parts of Autonomic NS (ANS)

Answer 26

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 27

Supporting cells in the CNS are lumped together as

Answer 27

neuroglia (nerve glue) and glial cells

Question 28

Functions of neuroglia

Answer 28

Astrocytes Microglia Ependymal Oligodendrocytes

Question 29

Star shaped cells that account for nearly half of the neural tissue

Answer 29

Astrocytes

Question 30

Astrocytes form a barrier between

Answer 30

Capilleries and neurons

Question 31

Functions of astrocytes

Answer 31

Help protect the neurons from harmful substances that might be in the blood Help control the chemical environment in the brain by "mopping up" leaked potassium ions and recapturing released neurotransmitters

Question 32

Spiderlike phagocytes that monitor the health of nearby neurons

Answer 32

Microglia

Question 33

Dispose of debris including dead brain cells and bacteria

Answer 33

Microglia

Question 34

glial cells that line the central cavities of the brain and the spinal cord

Answer 34

Ependymal cells

Question 35

What forms a protective cushion around the CNS?

Answer 35

The beating of Ependial cells helps to circulate the cerebrospinal fluid that fills those cavities and forms a protective cushion around the CNS

Question 36

Glia that wrap their fat extensions (processes) tightly around the nerve fibers

Answer 36

Oligodendrocytes

Question 37

Difference between neurons and glia

Answer 37

Glia cannot transmit nerve impulses and Neurons cannot divide

Question 38

Most brain tumors are

Answer 38

gliomas or tumors formed by glial cells (neuroglia)

Question 39

Supporting cells in the PNS

Answer 39

Schwann cells | Satellite cells

Question 40

Schwann cells form

Answer 40

the myelin sheaths around nerve fibers that are found around PNS

Question 41

Satellite cells act

Answer 41

as protective, cushioning cells

Question 42

Which glial cell produce the insulating material called myelin?

Answer 42

Oligodendrocytes

Question 43

Why is the brain tumor more likely to be formed from the glial cells than from neurons?

Answer 43

Because glia cells divide

Question 44

Neurons are also called

Answer 44

nerve cells

Question 45

Common features of neurons

Answer 45

- All have cell body, which contains the nucleus and is the metabolic center of the cell - One more more slender processes extending from the cell body

Question 46

Metabolic center of the neuron

Answer 46

Cell body

Question 47

Abundant in cell body

Answer 47

Nissl bodies and neurofibrils

Question 48

Intermediate filaments that are particularly abundant in the cell body

Answer 48

neurofibrils

Question 49

The cytoplasm surrounding the nucleus contains the usual organelles expect it lacks

Answer 49

centrioles

Question 50

The longest process in humans reach from the

Answer 50

lumbar region of the spine to the great toe

Question 51

Each neuron has only 1 axon, which arises from a conelike region of the cell body called the

Answer 51

axion hillock

Question 52

An occasional axon gives off a

Answer 52

collateral branch

Question 53

Axon terminals contain 100s of tiny vesicles or membranes called

Answer 53

neurotransmitters

Question 54

Most of the Schwann cell cytoplasm ends up

Answer 54

just beneath the outermost part of its plasma membrane.

Question 55

External part of the Schwann cell is called the

Answer 55

neurilemma

Question 56

Myelinated fibers are also found in

Answer 56

CNS

Question 57

Myelin sheaths formed by Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells are similar

Answer 57

the CNS sheaths lack a neurilemma

Question 58

An ability that is lacking in CNS

Answer 58

fiber regeneration