Nervous system 6

Question 1

What are the extracellular deposits found in Alzheimer’s disease?
a. Neurofibrillary tangles
b. Plaques of phosphorylated Tau protein
c. Extracellular β-amyloid protein deposits
d. Lipofuscin granules

Answer 1

Extracellular β-amyloid protein deposits

Question 2

What are the intraneuronal structures found in Alzheimer’s disease?
a. Amyloid plaques
b. Lipofuscin granules
c. Neurofibrillary tangles
d. Lewy bodies

Answer 2

Neurofibrillary tangles

Question 3

Which neurons are mainly affected in Alzheimer’s disease?
a. Dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra
b. Serotonergic neurons in the raphe nuclei
c. Cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain nuclei
d. GABAergic neurons in the striatum

Answer 3

Cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain nuclei

Question 4

What are the neurons that use Ach neurotransmitters called?
a. Adrenergic neurons
b. Dopaminergic neurons
c. Cholinergic neurons
d. Serotonergic neurons

Answer 4

Cholinergic neurons

Question 5

What functions do cholinergic neurons control in the brain?
a. Digestion and respiration
b. Sensory perception and processing
c. Cognitive, arousal, memory, and motor control
d. Regulation of body temperature and blood pressure

Answer 5

Cognitive, arousal, memory, and motor control

Question 6

Where are cholinergic neurons present in the body?
a. Only in the brain
b. Only in the periphery
c. Both in the brain and the periphery
d. Neither in the brain nor the periphery

Answer 6

Both in the brain and the periphery

Question 7

How is ACh released into the synaptic cleft?
a. Diffusion
b. Osmosis
c. Active transport
d. Exocytosis

Answer 7

Exocytosis

Question 8

What breaks down ACh into acetate and choline?
a. Acetylcholine esterase (AChE)
b. Acetylcholine synthase (AChS)
c. Acetylcholine kinase (AChK)
d. Acetylcholine oxidase (AChO)

Answer 8

Acetylcholine esterase (AChE)