Nervous system 2 Flashcards
Which of the following structures is considered as a part of the Basal Ganglia?
a. Pons
b. Medulla Oblongata
c. Substantia Nigra Neurons
d. Cerebellum
Substantia Nigra Neurons
Which two structures receive dopamine neurons projections in the Basal Ganglia?
a. Pons and Medulla Oblongata
b. Cerebellum and Medulla Oblongata
c. Striatum and Globus Pallidus
d. Cerebellum and Pons
Striatum and Globus Pallidus
Which parts make up the brain stem?
a. Cerebellum, Pons, and Midbrain
b. Frontal Lobe, Parietal Lobe, and Occipital Lobe
c. Amygdala, Hippocampus, and Thalamus
d. Medulla Oblongata, Pons, and Midbrain
Medulla Oblongata, Pons, and Midbrain
What is the function of the brain stem?
a. Controls movement and coordination
b. Regulates emotions and motivation
c. Connects the brain to the spinal cord
d. Controls vision and hearing
Connects the brain to the spinal cord
What is the primary function of the cranial nerves that arise from the brain stem?
a. Supply the chest and abdomen
b. Supply the arms and legs
c. Supply the head and neck
d. Control the autonomic nervous system
Supply the head and neck
Which of the following is a function of the Medulla?
a. Relay nerve impulses related to voluntary skeletal muscle movements
b. Convey motor impulses from the cerebrum to the cerebellum and spinal cord
c. Regulate auditory and visual reflexes
d. Control basic regulations like heart rate, respiratory rate, vasoconstriction, swallowing, coughing, vomiting, sneezing, hiccupping
Control basic regulations like heart rate, respiratory rate, vasoconstriction, swallowing, coughing, vomiting, sneezing, hiccupping
What is the function of the Pons?
a. Regulate auditory and visual reflexes
b. Relay nerve impulses related to voluntary skeletal muscle movements from cerebrum to cerebellum
c. Convey motor impulses from the cerebrum to the cerebellum and spinal cord
d. Control basic regulations like heart rate, respiratory rate, vasoconstriction, swallowing, coughing, vomiting, sneezing, hiccupping
Relay nerve impulses related to voluntary skeletal muscle movements from cerebrum to cerebellum
What condition can result from damage to the Pons?
a. Locked in syndrome
b. Parkinson’s disease
c. Alzheimer’s disease
d. Huntington’s disease
Locked in syndrome
What is the function of the Midbrain?
a. Control basic regulations like heart rate, respiratory rate, vasoconstriction, swallowing, coughing, vomiting, sneezing, hiccupping
b. Relay nerve impulses related to voluntary skeletal muscle movements from cerebrum to cerebellum
c. Convey motor impulses from the cerebrum to the cerebellum and spinal cord, send sensory impulses from the spinal cord to the thalamus, and regulate auditory and visual reflexes
d. Interconnect groups of neurons throughout the brainstem
Convey motor impulses from the cerebrum to the cerebellum and spinal cord, send sensory impulses from the spinal cord to the thalamus, and regulate auditory and visual reflexes
What is the function of the Reticular Formation?
a. Control basic regulations like heart rate, respiratory rate, vasoconstriction, swallowing, coughing, vomiting, sneezing, hiccupping
b. Regulate auditory and visual reflexes
c. Interconnect groups of neurons throughout the brainstem, maintain consciousness, alertness, and seizures
d. Relay nerve impulses related to voluntary skeletal muscle movements from cerebrum to cerebellum
nterconnect groups of neurons throughout the brainstem, maintain consciousness, alertness, and seizures
How does the Reticular Formation affect consciousness?
a. By maintaining alertness and sending active signals to the higher brain regions
b. By regulating muscle tone
c. By sending sensory signals to the thalamus
d. By controlling basic regulations like heart rate, respiratory rate, vasoconstriction, swallowing, coughing, vomiting, sneezing, hiccupping
By maintaining alertness and sending active signals to the higher brain regions
Which pathway in the cerebellum is responsible for balance, eye movement, and gravity perception?
a) Vestibulo cerebellum
b) Spino cerebellum
c) Cerebro cerebellum
d) Reticular formation
Vestibulo cerebellum
Which cerebellar pathway coordinates skilled movement as an error detector?
a) Vestibulo cerebellum
b) Spino cerebellum
c) Cerebro cerebellum
d) Reticular formation
Spino cerebellum
Which cerebellar pathway is responsible for the planning and initiation of voluntary movement?
a) Vestibulo cerebellum
b) Spino cerebellum
c) Cerebro cerebellum
d) Reticular formation
Cerebro cerebellum
What happens when the vestibulo cerebellar pathway is damaged?
a) Loss of muscle tone
b) Inability to perceive direction of gravity
c) Inability to plan and initiate voluntary movement
d) Decreased alertness and seizures
Inability to perceive direction of gravity
What are circumventricular organs?
a) Organs that circulate blood in the body.
b) Organs that allow the transport of chemicals from the brain to the blood stream.
c) Organs that can monitor chemical changes in the blood.
d) Organs that help in controlling voluntary movements.
Organs that can monitor chemical changes in the blood.
Which of the following organs is not a part of the circumventricular organs?
a) Hypothalamus
b) Pituitary gland
c) Thalamus
d) Both a and b
Both a and B (hypothalamus and pitutary)
What is the main function of the circumventricular organs?
a) To control voluntary movements.
b) To coordinate homeostatic activities of the endocrine and nervous systems.
c) To produce cerebrospinal fluid.
d) To filter blood before it enters the brain.
To coordinate homeostatic activities of the endocrine and nervous systems.
Which of the following is NOT a function of the thalamus?
a) Relay sensory impulses (except smell) to the cerebral cortex
b) Involved in motor control
c) Plays a role in memory
d) Secretes hormones
Secretes hormones
Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?
a) Relay sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex
b) Plays a role in memory
c) Regulates body temperature, thirst, and food intake
d) Secretes melatonin
Regulates body temperature, thirst, and food intake
Which gland is located in the epithalamus?
a) Pituitary gland
b) Pineal gland
c) Thyroid gland
d) Adrenal gland
Pineal gland
Which part of the cerebrum is responsible for controlling voluntary movements?
a) Frontal lobe
b) Occipital lobe
c) Parietal lobe
d) Temporal lobe
Frontal lobe
What is the function of the cerebral cortex?
a) Contains billions of neuron cell bodies
b) Controls homeostasis
c) Serves as relay station for sensory impulses
d) Regulates hormonal functions
Contains billions of neuron cell bodies
What is the function of the gyri, fissures, and sulci on the cerebral cortex?
a) To divide the cerebrum from the cerebellum
b) To control emotional and behavioral patterns
c) To maximize the surface area of the cortex
d) To regulate feeding behavior
To maximize the surface area of the cortex
