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SKIN/MS FINAL > NERVOUS SYSTEM > Flashcards

NERVOUS SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the central nervous system found?

A

inside the skull and vertebral column

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2
Q

What make up the CNS?

A

cerebral hemisphere

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3
Q

2 parts to the cerebral hemisphere

A

cerebrum

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4
Q

3 parts to brain stem

A

midbrain

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5
Q

found outside the skull and vertebral column

A

peripheral nervous sytem

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6
Q

make up the PNS

A

spinal and cranial nerves

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7
Q

number of spinal nerves

A

31 pair

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8
Q

cervical nerves

A

8

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9
Q

thoracic nerves

A

12

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10
Q

lumbar nerves

A

5

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11
Q

sacral nerves

A

5

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12
Q

coccygeal

A

1

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13
Q

number of cranial nerves

A

12 pair

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14
Q

cranial nerve VI

A

abducens nerve

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15
Q

collection of NERVE CELL BODIES associated w/peripheral nerves and located outside the CNS

A

ganglia

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16
Q

what do sensory ganglia consist of?

A

pseudounipolar

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17
Q

what do sensory ganglia in the cochlea consist of?

A

bipolar

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18
Q

what are cranial nerves associated with?

A

cerebral hemisphere

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19
Q

what are CN III to CN X and CN XII associated with?

A

brain stem

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20
Q

what is CN XI associated with?

A

spinal cord (upper)

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21
Q

2 types of sensory ganglia

A

spinal ganglia

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22
Q

2 types of autonomic, motor or visceral ganglia

A

sympathetic

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23
Q

what make up autonomic, motor, or visceral ganglia?

A

multipolar neurons

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24
Q

3 types of cranial nerves in the PNS

A

sensory

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25
Q

1 type of spinal nerve in the PNS

A

mixed sensory and motor

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26
Q

what does dorsal mean?

A

back, posterior

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27
Q

what does ventral mean?

A

front, anterior

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28
Q

3 parts of the cochlea ganglion

A

spiral ganglion - bipolar

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29
Q

what type of neurons are found in the spinal cord?

A

multipolar neurons

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30
Q

What matter contains the nerve cell bodies and synapses?

A

gray matter

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31
Q

what matter consists of axons which form tracts

A

white matter

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32
Q

3 columns in spinal cord

A

dorsal column/furniculus

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33
Q

T/F. Cord gets smaller caudally (towards tail).

A

TRUE

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34
Q

T/F. White matter increases at lower levels.

A

False. White matter decreases.

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35
Q

shape of cervical segments

A

large and oval

36
Q

shape of lumbar and sacral segments

A

smaller, rounder

37
Q

where is gray matter larger due to number of nerve cells associated with innervation of the limbs?

A

C4-T1

38
Q

what contains the bodies of preganglionic sympathetic neruons

A

lateral horn

39
Q

2 columns in the dorsal/posterior column

A

f. gracilis

40
Q

what is the dorsal/postior horns function

A

sensory

41
Q

sensory horn

A

involves the relay of sensory information (2nd order sensory neuron)

42
Q

type of cell bodies in dorsal horn

A

mulitpolar neuron cell bodies

43
Q

where do the sensory horns send their axons to?

A

higher levels in the CNS

44
Q

part of the gray matter that contains preganglionic cell bodies of the sympathetic nervous system

A

lateral horn

45
Q

column in the lateral horn

A

intermediolateral cell column

46
Q

where is the lateral horn found

A

thoracic and upper lumbar spinal cord segments

47
Q

what do the ventral or anterior horn contain?

A

motor horn

48
Q

2 types of motor neurons in the motor horn

A

alpha motor neurons

49
Q

alpha motor neurons

A

send axons to extrafusal skeletal msucles (lower motor neurons)

50
Q

gamma motor neurons

A

innervate intrafusal muscle fibers/cells of the neuromuscular spindle

51
Q

3 parts to white matter

A

dorsal column

52
Q

what does the lateral column contain?

A

ascending sensory nerve fibers (tracts)

53
Q

what does the dorsal column contain?

A

ascending nerve cell processes w/cell bodies located in dorsal root ganglia

54
Q

what does the ventral column contain?

A

ascending sensory nerve fibers

55
Q

somatic nerve fibers of the peripheral nerves

A

relation to body wall and limbs

56
Q

where are somatic nerve fibers found?

A

cranial and spinal nerves

57
Q

where are somatic sensory fiber nerve cell bodies located?

A

cranial and spinal sensory ganglia

58
Q

what is the function of somatic sensory fiber?

A

carry sensory nerves to and from skin, skeletal muscle, and joints

59
Q

what is the function of somatic motor fibers?

A

voluntary control of skeletal muscle

60
Q

where are motor nerve cell bodies located?

A

central nervous system (brain stem and spinal cord)

61
Q

what does visceral imply?

A

relation to the organs of body cavities - can include blood vessels and glands that lie outside the body cavities

62
Q

where are visceral nerve fibers found?

A

crainal and spinal nerves

63
Q

visceral sensory fibers…

A

sensory nerves from the viscera (heart, lungs, GI tract, urinary system, blood vessels)

64
Q

visceral motor fibers..

A

make up the autonomic nervous system

65
Q

what do visceral motor fibers do?

A

control involuntary regulation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands

66
Q

2 subdivisions of the ANS

A

sympathetic nervous system

67
Q

where are visceral motor fiber cell bodies found

A

autonomic ganglia

68
Q

contains sensory or afferenet nerve fibers relative to the spinal cord

A

dorsal (posterior) root aka sensory root

69
Q

what type of neurons are found in dorsal roots?

A

pseudounipolar neurons

70
Q

contain motor or efferent nerve fibers relative to the spinal cord

A

ventral (anterior) roots

71
Q

where are cell bodies that send their axons through ventral roots found?

A

ventral and lateral horns of spinal cord

72
Q

what forms the spinal nerve?

A

the ventral root joining the dorsal root

73
Q

2 types of spinal nerves

A

dorsal (posterior) primary ramus

74
Q

supplies muscular and cutaneous branches to the deep muscles and skin of back and posterior head

A

dorsal primary ramus

75
Q

supplies muscular and cutaneous branches to the skin and skeletal muscles of the lateral and anterior aspects of the trunk, skin, and muscles of the limbs

A

ventral primary ramus

76
Q

T/F. Cranial nerves have dorsal and ventral roots and dorsal/ventral rami.

A

False. only spinal nerves have them.

77
Q

Five cranial nerves have ____

A

sensory ganglia

78
Q

Tirgeminal:

A

CN V

79
Q

facial

A

CN VII

80
Q

Vestibulocochlear

A

CN VIII

81
Q

Clossopharyngeal:

A

CN IX

82
Q

Vagus

A

CN X

83
Q

3 cranial nerves have ____

A

motor ganglia (parasympathetic ganglia)

84
Q

3 cranial nerves w/motor ganglia

A

oculomotor

85
Q

2 types of ganglia assocaited with cranial nerves

A
  1. sensory
86
Q

What type of neurons do parasympathetic ganglia have?

A

multipolar

SKIN/MS FINAL (6 decks)

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