DERM Flashcards
flat, circumsized region of skin w/different color or texture
macule
large macuole
patch
can feel, look abnormal, example is acne
papule
larger lesions of papules
plaques
clear fluid filled lesion-blister
vesicle
definition of neoplasia
uncontrolled cell growth
neoplasm w/no capability for metastasis
benign
has the potential for metastasis
malignant
malignant neoplasm
cancer
what is classified by the presence or absence of invasion past basement membrane into foreign tissue
epithelial neoplasm
what does IN SITU mean
benign (still located within the epidermis)
name of benign melanocytic neoplasm
nevi
benign neoplasms of melanocytes that everyone has
common/junction acquired or congenital
acquired nevi that starts within the epidermis
junctional
acquired nevi that starts within Dermal
compound
congenital nevus
very large, especially in kids
benign nevus that must always be cut off since some melanomas can resemble, red dome shaped commonly on cheak of child
spitz
starts in the dermis and can be commonly mistaken for melanoma (papule and dark)
blue nevus/dermal melanocytoses
clinically concerning nevi that has immune reaction so there’s white around mole
halo
dysplastic nevi
risk marker for melanoma - tends to be familial inherited
ABCD
asymmetry
Epithelial neoplasms
seborrheci keratosis
very common, and can develop into benign squamous epithelium. All is in the epidermis. Most people who have them have a ton.
Actinic keratosis
scaly red papule that’s raised. Sun related.
Squamous cell carcinoma
SCCIS
benign- contained in basement membrane
SCC
malignant- invades basement membrane and dermis
Can you shave squamous cell carcinoma
yes, depth doesn’t matter as much
most common human malignancy that is slow growing. can rarely metastasize. Present w/pearly papule.
basal cell carcinoma
type of epithelial neoplasm that can differentiate toward hair follicles, eccrine, sebaceous, or apocrine glands
adnexal
syndrome that has multiple trichilemmonas (face), visceral carcinomas, cerebral lesions, macrocephaly
Cowden syndrome
mutation that causes cowden syndrome
PTEN (tumor suppressor gene)
Muir torre syndrome has…
mutations in DNA mismatch repair proteins
how does muir torre syndrome manifest
sebaceous neoplasms
T/F. You can shave sebaceous proliferations.
False, you must get to the deeper part of the lesion.
rare, very aggressive epithelial cancer that has poor prognosis
merkel cell carcinoma
what causes merkel cell carcinoma
polyomavirus
stromal neoplasms
dermatofibroma
common in younger women, has tan/brown papule on legs, do pinch test
Dermatofibroma
how do you biopsy dermatofibromas?
deep shave underneath - you can’t just knick the top
DFSP - dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
poorly defined plaque on the buttox of lower legs
proliferation of blood vessel in the dermis neoplasm, benign
Hemangioma
common in kids and pregnant women but can be shaved off
pyogenic granuloma
malignant vascular neoplasm caused by virus
kaposi sarcoma
what virus causes karposi sarcoma
human herpes virus 8
how do you biopsy karposi sarcoma
punch - need deeper
bad, malignant vascular tumor that comes from sun damaged skin
angiosarcoma
common benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor
neurofibroma
where does cutaneous T cell lymphoma occur
non sun exposed areas (bathing suit distribution)
where does the common type of T cell lymphoma occur…area of skin
epidermis (surface of skin)
how does cutaneous B cell lymphoma present
single nodule on the head/face/neck
where is cutaneous B cell lymphoma found?
deep dermis - punch biopsy is needed
what is the best predictor for malignant melanoma
depth of invasion (breslow depth)
what is used to measure breslow depth
millimeters
what has a greater change of survival
less than 1.0 mm depth (stage 1)
what can also be used to predict melanoma?
ulceration (ulcerated behave more poorly)
do shave biopsies for..
most basal cells
do punch biopsies for…
nodular basal cell carcinoma
