Nervous system Flashcards
Most neurons consist of three distinct components: The branch-like__receive information from other cells and conduct it toward the____,which integrates information received from the dendrites and passes it on to the____. Most neurons have a single axon that divides into numerous branches (collaterals), and many axons are covered by a myelin sheath that is made up of_____cells. Conduction of information within neurons is an__process. With sufficient stimulation, the interior of the neuron become less negative and triggers an____,which operates on the____principle. Communication between neurons usually involves the release of a ___by the presynaptic cell into the synaptic cleft.
dendrites; cell body(soma);axon; glial cells; electrical; action potential;all-or-none;neurotransmitter
In the peripheral nervous system, the neurotransmitter_____is releasedinto the neuromuscular junction where it causes muscles to contract; and,in the central nervous system, it’s involved in the regulation of the sleep-wakecycle and learning and memory. ____plays a role in Schizophrenia and is involved in the regulation of movement and has been linked to several disorders with prominent motor sxs including Tourette’s Disorder and Parkinson’s disease. Elevated levels of____contribute to Schizophrenia, Autistic Disorder, and food restriction associated with Anorexia Nervosa, while low levels play a role in aggression, depression, suicide, Bulimia Nervosa, PTSD, and OCD. Benzodiazepines reduce anxiety by enhancing the effects of ____.
ACh(Acetylcholine);Dopamine;Seratonin;GABA
The central nervous system(CNS) includes thebrain andspinal cord. The consequences of damagetothespinal cord depend on its location and extent. For example, complete transection at the cervicqal level results in__, while damage at the thoracic level causes____. The brain and spinal cord are protected by three meninges and the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF). Accumulation of CSF in the_____as the resuklt of an obvstructuion can cause hydrocephalus.
quadriplegia; paraplegia; cerebral ventricles
The peripheral nervous system(PNS) is divided into the ____nervous system, which carries information between the CNS and the body’s sensory systems andskeletal muscles, and the____nervous system, which regulates the activities of the visceral musclesand glands. The autonomic nervous system has two subdivisions: The___branch prepares the body for “fight or flight”, while the____branch is associated with the conservation of energy and states of rest and relaxation. The development of the CNS involves 5 stages. During the____stage, each cell moves to its ultimate destination in the nervous system.
somatic; autonomic; sympathetic; parasympathetic; migration
Computed tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) provide information on the_____of the brain, while____SPECT, and fMRI provide information on the brain’s______activities.
structure; PET; functional
