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A & P > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

The system in the body that is made up of the brain, brain stem , spinal cord, nerves,ganglia, and parts of the receptor organs and that receives and interpret stimuli

A

Nervous system

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2
Q

The organization of the nervous system are

A

Central nervous system (CNS)

Peripheral nervous system (pns)

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3
Q

The brain, brain stem, and spinal cord make up what nervous system

A

Central nervous system

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4
Q

The somatic (cranial nerves)(spinal nerves) and autonomic (bipolar)(unipolar)(multipolar) make up the

A

Peripheral nervous system

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5
Q

Every component of the CNS and rns is composed primarily of

A

Neurons

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6
Q

A group of multiple neurons

A

A nerve

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7
Q

A single nerve that acts as a conduit to conduct a signal or impulse in ONLY one direction

A

Neuron

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8
Q

What is a neuron composed of

A

Cell body, dendrites, axon

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9
Q

The classification of the nervous system is based on

A

Physiological (functional) and anatomical (structural)

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10
Q

In the physiological classification what neuron conducts an impulse toward the CNS and also called sensory neurons

A

Afferent neuron

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11
Q

In the physiological classification what neuron conducts an impulse away from CNS and also called the motor neurons

A

Efferent neuron

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12
Q

In the physiological classification what neuron conduct impulses between other neurons also found only in the brain & spinal cord

A

Interneuron

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13
Q

In the anatomical classification what have TWO extensions from the cell body, one from each end, one is the axon 2nd is a dendrite and is found I the eyes, nose, ears (afferent,sensory)

A

Bipolar

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14
Q

In the anatomical classification what has ONE extension from the cell body. The extensions divides into 2 branches but only one is associated with the dendrite and is found in sensory neurons such as temp, touch, and pain

A

Unipolar

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15
Q

What is the anatomical classification that has many extensions from the cell body , only one is the axon and is found everywhere

A

Multipolar

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16
Q

What are the nervous system functions

A

Gather information
Transport info
Interpret info

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17
Q

The info must be in a form the body can transport and read like what

A

TV/ SATELLITE signals

18
Q

What is a form of signal the nervous signal use

A

Action potential

19
Q

What is also called a nerve impulse or signal and described as a wave of electromagnet activity that allows a neuron to carry signal over a distance and generated by the diffusion of specific ions in & out the neuron is

A

Action potential

20
Q

Most substances in nature are what and have neither a positive or negative charge

A

Neutral

21
Q

If something have a charge it has

A

Polarity

22
Q

In action potential the insides of all cells in the body are what when compared to the outside of the cell

A

Negative

23
Q

In action potential what is the polarity of the inside of a cell

A

Negative polarity

24
Q

What is maintained by protein pumps in the cell membrane that uses ATP ex ATPhase pump s (active transport)

A

Internal negative polarity

25
Q

allows diffusion of specific ions to occur thru protein channels from high concentration to low
Changes polarity inside cell are results from what

A

When a stimulus comes in contact with a neurons dendrites/cell body

26
Q

In action potential a stimulus can come from

A 
External environment (hot/cold light, movement)
Internal environment (brain making impulse ,stretch of an organ, muscle
27
Q

What is a change in polarity called

A

Electrochemical activity

28
Q

What does NA+\k+ pump use

A

Active transport

29
Q

Where does action potential occur ONLY in neurons

A

The axons

30
Q

What is the extension of the cell body only one per neuron surrounded by layers of a phospholipid membrane

A

Axons

31
Q

What are the layers of phospholipid membrane and are produced by non- neuron cell

A

Myelin sheath

32
Q

The action potential that moves to the next area of the axon that is un-myelinated

A

Node of ranvier

33
Q

The area of the axon where the action potential moved from is now refractory which means

A

It cannot generate another action potential for a specific time and the AP Can only move in one direction

34
Q

To connect all parts of the body to CNS.
In the CNS processes the incoming data.
To send signal back to the rest of the body to direct activities.

A

Functions of action potential

35
Q

During the function of a action potential each step of it there will be connections between what

A

Neurons

36
Q

In the neuronal arrangement the 1st neuron before the synapse is called

A

Pre-synaptic neuron

37
Q

The 2nd neuron after the synapse is called

A

The post synaptic neuron

38
Q

In a neuronal arrangement each time there is a neuronal connection there is a synapse which means what is used

A

Neurotransmitter

39
Q

In signal transmission when an impulse reaches the end of the pre-synaptic neuron (1st neuron ) what happens

A

Neurotransmitter released into synapse.
Release from vesicles (packages) Exocytoces.
How strong the impulse is determines the amount of neurotransmitter released

40
Q

In signal transmission the greater the concentration of neurotransmitter released into the synapse means

A

The faster it DIFFUSES across the synapse. (Speed)

The greater the response of the post-synaptic neuron (intensity)

41
Q

The nervous system produces how many different types of neurotransmitters

A

30

42
Q

What type of neurotransmitters are based on substances they are synthesis from

A

Products of metabolism
Modified amino acids
I unmodified amino acids
Peptides

A & P (4 decks)

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