Nervous System 2 Flashcards
What are the two broad categories of cells that make up the nervous system?
Neurone (nerve cells)
Glial Cells
What is the role of neurones (nerve cells?
3pts
basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system
generates and conducts action potential
communicate with other cells by a chemical or electrical synapse
What is the role of Glial cells (supporting cells)?
1pt
support, insulate and maintain neurons
What are the two types of glial cells in the PNS?
Schwann cells
&
satellite cells
What is the name of glial cells in the CNS?
Neuroglia
What are the 3 main cellular structures of a neuron?
Cell body
Axon
Dendrites
What is the role of the cell body?
2pts
Houses the control centre
Contains a single relatively large nucleus
What are the characteristics of an axon?
3pts
A single axon conducts action potentials away from the neuron cell body
End of axon terminals which communicate with other cells by means of a chemical or electrical synapse
A nerve is a bundle of axons
Dendrites conduct action potentials t_____ neuron cell body
towards
S_____/a_____ neurons conducts action potentials t_____ CNS
Sensory/afferent neurons conducts action potentials towards CNS
M______/e______ neurons conducts action potentials a_____ from CNS
Motor or efferent neurone conducts action potentials away from CNS
I_______ or a______ neurons: within CNS from one neuron to another.
Interneurons or association neurons: within CNS from one neuron to another.
A m______ neuron is a type of neuron that possesses a single axon and many dendrites. E.g. Motor Neurons
A multipolar neuron is a type of neuron that possesses a single axon and many dendrites. E.g. Motor Neurons
A b______ neuron is a type of neuron that has two extensions, one axon and one dendrite
A bipolar neuron is a type of neuron that has two extensions, one axon and one dendrite
P_____-u______: single process that divides into two branches. Part that extends to the periphery has dendrite-like sensory receptors
Pseudo- unipolar: single process that divides into two branches. Part that extends to the periphery has dendrite-like sensory receptors