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ANAPHY MIDTERM > NERVOUS SYSTEM > Flashcards

NERVOUS SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

Central Nervous System (CNS) contains:

A

brain
spinal cord

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2
Q

functional division nervous system

A

somatic efferent - skin &muscle

visceral efferent - cardiac muscles & smooth muscles

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3
Q

2 system that take care of the bodily activities:

A

nervous system
endocrine system

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4
Q

involuntary nervous system

A

autonomic nervous system

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5
Q

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) contains

A

a. Cranial nerves (12 pairs)
b. Spinal nerves (31 pairs)
c. Autonomic nervous system

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6
Q

Functions of nervous system

A
  1. Sensory input
  2. Integration
  3. Control of muscles and glands
  4. Mental activity
  5. Homeostasis
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7
Q

TYPES OF CELLS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

A

Neuron
Neuroglia

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8
Q
  • for transmission of impulse
  • basic unit of nervous system
  • Nerve cells
  • Require oxygen and
    glucose
  • Receive input, process
    input, produce a
    response
A

Neuron

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9
Q

Neuron Structures

A

Dendrite
Cell body
Axon

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10
Q

receives stimulus from other neurons or sensory receptors

A

Dendrite

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11
Q

processes stimulus; contains a nucleus

A

Cell body

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12
Q

transmits stimulus to a gland, muscle, organ, or other neuron

A

Axon

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13
Q

Types of Neurons

A

Multipolar
Bipolar
Pseudo-Unipolar

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14
Q

§ many dendrites and a single axon
§ Ex. CNS and most motor neurons

A

Multipolar

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15
Q

§ two dendrites and a single axon
§ Ex. CNS and most motor neurons

A

Bipolar

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16
Q

§ one axon and no dendrites
§ Ex. Sensory neurons

A

Pseudo-Unipolar

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17
Q

§ Supporting cells for neurons
§ More numerous than neurons
§ Can divide to produce more cells

A

Neuroglia Cells

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18
Q

Types of Neuroglia

A

Astrocytes
Ependymal Cells
Microglia
Oligodendrocytes
Schwann cells

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19
Q

§ cell that provides nourishment
§ star-shaped
§ most abundant
§ form blood-brain barrier (BBB)

A

Astrocytes

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20
Q
  • support group
  • produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
A

Ependymal Cells

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21
Q
  • take care for cells that worn out cells
  • help remove bacteria and cell debris from CNS
A

Microglia

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22
Q
  • responsible for myelin sheath
  • produce myelin sheath in CNS
A

Oligodendrocytes

23
Q

produce myelin sheath in PNS

A

Schwann cells

24
Q
  • an insulator / prevent the passage of nerve impulse.
  • fatty, protective wrapping around axons
A

myelin sheath

25
Q
  • doesn’t contain myelin sheath in axons area
  • gaps in myelin sheath where action potentials develop
A

Nodes of Ranvier

26
Q
  • means jump
  • jumping of action potentials
A

Saltatory conduction

27
Q

disease of myelin sheath that causes loss of muscle function

A

Multiple sclerosis

28
Q

2 types of process

A

dentrites
axons

29
Q
  • collection of dendrites and cell bodies
  • H-shaped central
A

Gray matter

30
Q
  • myelinated nerve fibers few, if any cell bodies
  • collection of axons and their myelin sheath
A

White matter

31
Q

contains Oligodendrocytes, Nerve tracts, Nuclei

A

central nervous system (CNS)

32
Q

contains Schwann cells, Nerves, Ganglion

A

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

33
Q
  • connection between neurons
  • found in autonomic
  • where an axon attaches
    to a muscle, gland,
    organ, or other neuron
    involved with release of
    neurotransmitters
A

Synapse ( ganglionic)

33
Q

receiving cells

A

post-synaptic

34
Q

sending cells

A

pre-synaptic

35
Q

example of neurotransmitter

A

neuro epinephrine

36
Q

first cranial nerves

A

olfactory nurve

37
Q

second cranial nerve

A

optic nervous

38
Q

sensory of all system except the sense of smell or olfactory

A

thalamus

39
Q

sensor of all

A

cortex

40
Q

cluster of nerve cell bodies

A

inside CNS
outside CNF

41
Q

called nucleus or nuclei
ex. thalamic nuclei

A

inside CNS

42
Q

called the ganglion or ganglia
ex. DRG

A

outside CNS

43
Q

5 line separator of the brain

A

central fissure rolando
parito-occipital fissure
lateral selvian fissure
transvers fissure
island of reil or insula fissure

44
Q

female weight of brain
male weight of brain

A

1250g
1380g

45
Q
  • approx ______ brain weight
  • brain is ______ of your body weight
A

2%

46
Q
  • buried with in lateral sulcus
  • plans / coordinates articulations of speech
A

insula / island of reil

46
Q
  • crossing nerves fiber
  • allows sharing of learning & memory
A

corpus callusum

47
Q

primary sensory area

A

broadman area 312 or BA 312

47
Q

motor speech area

A

broca’s area

48
Q

pag na identify mo yung object

A

stereognosis

49
Q

NEVER BACK DOWN, NEVER WJHATTT!!!!!!!!!???????????

A

NEVER GIVE UP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

49
Q

pag hindi na-identify yung object

A

astereognosis

50
Q
A

ANAPHY MIDTERM (3 decks)

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