Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AVA MEDSCI 1 > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the characteristics of the Frontal association cortex?

A
  • Intelligence
  • Personality
  • Behaviour
  • Mood
  • Cognitive Function
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the characteristics of the Parietal association cortex?

A
  • Spatial skills
  • 3D recognition (shapes, faces, concepts, abstract perception)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the characteristics of the Temporal association cortex?

A
  • Intelligence
  • Memory
  • Mood
  • Agression
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the non-dominant hemisphere (right) account for?

A
  • Non-verbal language (e.g. body language)
  • Emotional expression (tone of language)
  • Spatial skills (3D)
  • Conceptual understanding
  • Artistic/ Musical skills
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the effects of injury?

A
  • Loss of non-verbal language
  • Speech lacks emotion
  • Spatial disorientation
  • Inability to recognise familiar objects
  • Loss of musical appreciation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is the primary motor cortex located?

A

Precentral gyrus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where is the primary sensory cortex located?

A

Postcentral gyrus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where is the primary auditory cortex located?

A

Temporal lobe, surrounded by Wernicke’s area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is the primary visual cortex located?

A

Occipital lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What lesion is caused by dysfunction in Broca’s area?

A

Non-fluent or Motor Aphasia = difficulty with language.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What lesion is caused by dysfunction in Wernicke’s area?

A

Fluent or Sensory Aphasia = can’t interpret spoken word.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What lesion is caused by dysfunction in the Arcuate Fasiculus?

A

Connectional Aphasia = can interpret correctly (good listening) & can speak (good vocalisation) but no connection between the two.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the dominant side of the brain and what areas are only present there?

A
  • Left side
  • Broca’s, Wernicke’s, Supramarginal & Angular Gyrus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the lateral fissure primarily separate?

A

The frontal lobe from the temporal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the lateral fissure partially separate?

A

The parietal lobe from the temporal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of the arcuate fasciculus?

A

To align speech recognition/comprehension with speech production (connects Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the order of nerves from the skull downwards the spinal cord?

A

Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral, Coccygeal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How many Cervical Nerve levels are there?

A

8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How many Thoracic Nerve levels are there?

A

12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How many Lumbar Nerve levels are there?

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How many Sacral Nerves are there?

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where does Cervical Enlargement occur?

A

Around cervical nerve six or seven

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Where does Thoracolumbar Enlargement occur?

A

Around thoracic nerve 11/ 12 down to lumbar nerve 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the string like individual neurons called?

A

Cauda Equima

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What anchors the spinal cord?

A

Filum Terminale Externum

26
Q

How many paired nerves are there overall?

A

31

27
Q

What is a receptor?

A

The way of housing the end of a neuron.

28
Q

What neuron types are located in the spinal nerve?

A

Sensory fibres, Motor fibres, and Autonomic fibres.

29
Q

Where do sensory nerves go?

A

They fan out into rootlets.

30
Q

What type of information is in the dorsal rootlets?

A

Sensory information.

31
Q

What type of information is in the ventral rootlets?

A

Motor information.

32
Q

What are the layerings (outside to inside) that protect the spinal cord?

A

The Dura Mater, Arachnoid Mater, and the Pia Mater.

33
Q

What is the receptor for touch?

A

Meissner’s Corpusle.

34
Q

What is the receptor for pressure?

A

Paccinian Corpusle.

35
Q

What is the purpose of myelin/ myelination?

A

It helps the speed of conduction and helps the efficiency so they can fire firings fast.

36
Q

What are the characteristics of a pseudounipolar neuron?

A
  • Encapsulated.
  • Heavily myelinated.
  • Fast firing (50 m/s).
  • Touch and pressure.
37
Q

What is ganglia/ ganglion?

A

A bundle of neurons (gang of neurons).

38
Q

What is convergence?

A

The joining of neurons before going to the brain so that it isn’t too big of a structure.

39
Q

What are the characteristics of a free nerve ending neuron?

A
  • Unencapsulated.
  • Unmyelinated.
  • Slow firing (1 m/s).
  • Pain & temperature information.
40
Q

What does dorsal mean?

A

Back.

41
Q

What does ventral mean?

A

Front.

42
Q

Where is grey matter in a spinal segmental level?

A

Everything contained inside the butterfly lines.

43
Q

What does grey matter contain?

A

Cell bodies.

44
Q

What are the two regions of the dorsal funiculus?

A

The gracile fasciculus, and the cuneate fasciclus.

45
Q

Which is closer to the midline, the gracile or cuneate fasciculus?

A

The gracile fasciculus.

46
Q

What type of information does the dorsal funiculus carry?

A

Discriminative sensation information.

47
Q

Where do the motor columns/ lateral funiculus carry information?

A

Purpose is to carry information from the brain down to the spinal cord.

48
Q

What information does the ventral funiculus carry?

A

Pain and temperature.

49
Q

What are the three categories of information that we want to be carried to/ from brain?

A
  1. Discriminative sensation information.
  2. Motor information.
  3. Pain and temperature information.
50
Q

What are the different structures within the grey matter?

A

Substantia gelatinosa, nucleus proprius, intermediate area, lower motor neuron pool.

51
Q

What does the lower motor neuron pool do?

A

Motor columns talks to it and then it sends a fibre out through the ventral root and activates muscle.

52
Q

What is special about free nerve ending fibres? And what is the point?

A

They have opioid receptors on them. It blocks the pain and temperature activity of these fibres here in the spinal cord.

53
Q

What is Brown’s Acquired Syndrome?

A

You end up with damage on one side of the spinal cord but not the other.

54
Q

What is associative sensory loss?

A

When both pain and temperature AND discriminative sensation information is lost.

55
Q

What is dissociative sensory loss?

A

When you lose pressure and touch (discriminative sensation information) BUT NOT pain and temperature information.

56
Q

What is associative versus dissociative sensory loss?

A

When the person’s pain and temperature would be lost on the other side even though the lesion was on the other side.

57
Q

What is the myotactic reflex?

A

Brings about very fast muscle movements, HOW?

57
Q

What are the five structures that make up the basal ganglia?

A
  1. Caudate nucleus.
  2. Putamen.
  3. Globus pallidus.
  4. Subthalamic nucleus.
  5. Substantia nigra.
57
Q

What is a polysnaptic reflex?

A

It is a withdrawal reflex when we experience pain.

58
Q
A

AVA MEDSCI 1 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions