Autonomic & Endocrine Systems Flashcards
What’s information going from PNS to CNS called?
Sensory (afferent) neurons.
What’s information going from CNS to PNS called?
Motor (efferent) neurons.
What do nerves do?
Coordinate our actions and bodily functions.
What bodily responses occur in the Heart from The Alarm Response?
Increase rate and contraction force.
What bodily responses occur in the Eyes from The Alarm Response?
Pupils dilate.
What bodily responses occur in the Mouth from The Alarm Response?
Saliva decreases.
What bodily responses occur in the Lungs from The Alarm Response?
Bronchi dilate and you breathe faster.
What bodily responses occur in the Skin from The Alarm Response?
- Peripheral blood vessels constrict.
- Arrector pili muscles contract.
- Sweat secretion increases.
What bodily responses occur in the Gut from The Alarm Response?
- Digestion decreases.
- Blood sugar increases.
- Blood pressure & water retention increases.
What bodily responses occur in the Heart from The Relaxation Response?
Decrease rate and contraction force.
What bodily responses occur in the Eyes from The Relaxation Response?
Pupils contract.
What bodily responses occur in the Mouth from The Relaxation Response?
Saliva increases.
What bodily responses occur in the Lungs from The Relaxation Response?
Bronchi constrict and you breathe more slowly.
What bodily responses occur in the Skin from The Relaxation Response?
Peripheral blood vessels dilate.
What bodily responses occur in the Gut from The Relaxation Response?
Digestion increases.
What is the Autonomic Nervous System?
- It is “self-governing”.
- It controls body’s internal responses.
What is the Sympathetic Division associated with?
- Excercise.
- Emotion.
- Excitement.
(Alarm response)
What is the Parasympathetic Division associated with?
- Repletion.
- Rest.
- Relaxation.
(Relaxation response)
What is the difference between Autonomic & Somatic with Sensory input?
Autonomic = Interoceptors (internal sensing).
Somatic = Special & Somatic senses.
What is the difference between Autonomic & Somatic with Control of output?
Autonomic = Involuntary: Limbic system, Hypothalamus, Brain stem, Spinal cord.
Somatic = Voluntary: Cerebral cortex.
What is the difference between Autonomic & Somatic with Effectors?
Autonomic = Smooth muscle, Cardiac muscle, Glands.
Somatic = Skeletal muscle.
What is the difference between Autonomic & Somatic with their Motor neuron pathway?
Autonomic = Two-neuron pathway: Pre and Post ganglionic.
Somatic = One-neuron pathway.
What is the difference between Autonomic & Somatic with Neurotransmitters?
Autonomic = Acetylcholine & Norepinephrine.
Somatic = Acetylcholine.
What are the characteristics of Raynaud Disease?
- Excessive sympathetic stimulation following emotional stress or exposure to cold.
- Chronic vasoconstriction.
- Fingers and toes become ischemic (lack of blood) and appear white.
How does the Hypothalamus control internal organs?
Via the autonomic nervous system & the pituitary gland.
What does the Hypothalamus regulate?
- Behavioural patterns.
- Circadian rhythm (sleep/ wake cycles).
- Body temperature.
- Eating and drinking.
What’s an example of the Importance of Inducibility?
Cholera.
What’s the Cholera mechanism?
- Locks G protein in activated state.
- High cAMP.
- Pumps chloride ions into intestines.
- Water follows out.
- Chronic diarrhoea.
