Nervous System Flashcards
Function of the Nervous System
To detect impulses from the body, control center of the body
Major Organs of Nervous System
Brain, Spinal Cord, Senses, and nerves
Difference between Neurons and Neuroglia
Neurons are nerve cells with specialized functions that create and conduct nerve impulses. Neuroglia are support cells that help with physical activity, debris removal, and electrical insulation.
Dendrite
receive the nerve impulses from the senses or another neuron
Soma
body of the neuron that holds the nucleus
Schwann Cells
The myelin sheath is formed by glial cells in the peripheral nervous system wrapping around the axons of motor and sensory neurons.
Node of Ranvier
impulses jump from node to node, which increase speed of impulse
Myelin
insulates the axon. Produced by the Schwann cells
Axon
passageway for nerve impulses after cell body; end in axon terminal
Axon Terminal
the button-like endings of axons through which axons make contact with other nerve cells.
CSF
the fluid that flows in and around the hollow spaces of the brain and spinal chord, and between two of the meninges
Cerebrum
initiates and coordinates movement and regulates temperature
cerebral lobes
frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital
thalamus
relay motor and sensory signals to the cerebral cortex
hypothalamus
the control of the body’s temperature and energy maintenance
brainstem
breathing, consciousness, blood pressure, heart rate, and sleep
medulla oblongata
where the brain stem connects the brain to your spinal cord
midbrain
the connection central between the brain and the spinal cord.
pons
generating the respiratory rhythm of breathing
cerebellum
responsible for coordinating voluntary movements.
spinal chord
which extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column
merkel’s disk
touch
hair follicle receptor
touch
ruffini’s corpuscle
touch and pressure
pacinian corpuscle
pressure
free nerve ending
pain and temperature
Papillae
tastebuds, on the tongue regulating sense of taste
incus anvil
a small anvil-shaped bone in the middle ear,
malleus hammer
a small anvil-shaped bone in the middle ear,
stirrup stapes
the smallest and most medial of the three middle ear ossicles.
cochlea
is the part of the inner ear involved in hearing.
cornea
your eye’s clear, protective outer layer.
pupil
the black circle in the center of the iris.
iris
The colored tissue at the front of the eye that contains the pupil in the center.
retina
The retina is an essential part of the eye that enables vision.
lens
lens focuses light onto the retina
