Nervous System

Question 1

Function of Nervous System

Answer 1

Helps all the parts of the body to communicate with each other

Question 2

Major Organs of Nervous System

Answer 2

Central nervous system and Peripheral nervous system

Question 3

Difference between Neurons and Neuroglia

Answer 3

Neurons are highly specialized nerve cells that generate and conduct nerve impulses. Neuroglia are supporting cells that provide physical sport, remove debris, and provide electrical insulation

Question 4

Dendrite

Answer 4

Receive the nerve impulses from the senses or another neuron

Question 5

Soma

Answer 5

Body of the neuron that holds the nucleus

Question 6

Schwann Cells

Answer 6

Main glial cells of the peripheral nervous system which wrap around axons of motor and sensory neurons to form the myelin sheath

Question 7

Node of Ranvier

Answer 7

Impulses jump from node to node, which increase speed of impulse

Question 8

Myelin

Answer 8

Insulates the axon. Produced by the Schwann cells

Question 9

Axon

Answer 9

Passageway for nerve impulses after cell body; end in axon terminal

Question 10

Axon Terminal

Answer 10

The button-like endings of axons through which axons make contact with other nerve cells

Question 11

CSF (Cerebrospinal Fluid)

Answer 11

Protects the brain by preventing the it from contacting the skull

Question 12

Cerebrum

Answer 12

Controls conscious activities

Question 13

Frontal Lobe

Answer 13

Voluntary movements (walking), Reasoning & decision-making, Memory, Ability to predict consequences of actions, Planning, and Verbal communication

Question 14

Parietal Lobe

Answer 14

Sensations, Visual-spatial processing, and Body position

Question 15

Occipital Lobe

Answer 15

Visual processing- vision & memory of objects

Question 16

Temporal Lobe

Answer 16

Memory, Comprehension & pronunciation of words, Sensations of smell and sound, Emotional association of memories

Question 17

Thalamus

Answer 17

Relays sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex for processing and sorting

Question 18

Hypothalamus

Answer 18

Controls hormones released by pituitary gland and Responsible for autonomic processes

Question 19

Brainstem

Answer 19

Located between the cerebrum and spinal cord and Broken into three regions: Midbrain, Pons, Medulla Oblongata

Question 20

Brainstem (Midbrain)

Answer 20

Also known as mesencephalon, Relays info to cerebrum, Controls body movements and postures

Question 21

Brainstem (Pons)

Answer 21

Almost completely made of white matter that links cerebral cortex and cerebellum, Carries info from one side of brain to the other, Central control of breathing

Question 22

Brainstem (Medulla Oblongata)

Answer 22

Located above the spinal cord, Transmits impulses between spinal cord and the brain, Controls blood pressure, heart rate, swallowing, and coughing

Question 23

Cerebellum

Answer 23

Second largest part of brain, Near back of skull, Responsible for coordinating the movements directed by the cerebrum so that they are graceful and efficient, All involuntary movements, Aids in “muscle memory”

Question 24

Spinal Cord

Answer 24

Extends from the medulla oblongata 31 pairs of spinal nerves branch out from the spinal cord, connecting to all parts of the body. Relays impulses from the PNS to the brain. A cross section of the spinal cord has a “butterfly” of gray matter surrounded by white matter