nervous/endocrine systems Flashcards
what does the “electro” in electrochemical refer to?
ions
what does the “chemical” in electrochemical refer to?
periodic table
brain and spinal cord
central nervous system (CNS)
nerves everywhere besides the brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system (PNS)
end of the neuron, energy built up is used here
axon terminals
insulate and protect the axon
myelin sheaths
speeds up neural impulse, gaps
nodes of ranvier
needed for the neuron to survive, maintains structure
soma, cell body
contains the cells genetic makeup
nucleus
receiving, imputing chemicals called neurotransmitters
dendrites
signals start here, branches
dendrites
unipolar neurons are called..
sensory neuron
bipolar neurons are called..
relay/interneuron
multipolar neurons are called..
motor neuron
extra neurons are accepted back into the axon terminals to be used again
reuptake
the neurotransmitters are inside of what before they are released into the synapse?
vesicle
which direction does the axon message travel?
from dendrites to axon terminal
gap between the two neurons
synaptic cleft
what is the function of the CNS?
master controls
how is a reflex different from a voluntary movement?
a reflex is involuntary and process in the spinal cord
what connects the brain to the PNS?
spinal cord
why does paralysis occur when a person gets a spinal cord injury?
the spinal cord cannot send information to the body
what are the two divisions of the PNS?
autonomic and somatic
what does the somatic nervous system control?
voluntary movements, carries sensory info from sensory organs to the CNS
the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system:
sympathetic and parasympathetic
fight or flight, heart beats faster, breathing increases, digestion slows
sympathetic
calms body and helps conserve energy
parasympathetic
master gland in the body
pituitary gland
pumps growth hormone
pituitary gland
secretes melatonin
pineal gland
regulates metabolism
thyroid
insulin, diabetes
pancreas
adrenaline
adrenal glands
testosterone is secreted by the..
testes
estrogen/progesterone is secreted by the..
ovaries
