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Human Body Unit III > Nerves > Flashcards

Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Olfactory n. (CNI)

A

special sensory (olfaction) innervation of olfactory epithelium -> back to olfactory bulb

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2
Q

Optic n. (CNII)

A

special sensory innervation (vision) of the neural retina -> diencephalon & midbrain

axons on medial side of retina synapse at lateral geniculate nucleus on opposite side of midline; axons on lateral side of retina synapse at lateral geniculate nucleus on same side of midline

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3
Q

Oculomotor n. (CNIII) - superior ramus

A

originates in oculomotor nucleus of midbrain; branches at superior orbital fissure

sensory [communication from the ophthalmic nerve in the superior orbital fissure], postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus] & motor innervation [oculomotor nucleus of the midbrain] of the superior rectus and levator palpebrae superioris muscles

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4
Q

Oculomotor n. (CNIII) - inferior ramus

A

originates in oculomotor nucleus of midbrain; branches at superior orbital fissure

sensory [communication from the ophthalmic nerve in the superior orbital fissure], postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus] & motor (lmn) innervation [oculomotor nucleus of the midbrain] of the medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles

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5
Q

Oculomotor n. (CNIII) - parasympathetic

A

preganglionic axons originate in the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, travel with the inferior ramus, and synapse at the ciliary ganglion; postganglionic axons travel with the short ciliary nerve (div. of opthalmic br of trigeminal V)

innervation of constrictor muscles surrounding pupil & ciliary body

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6
Q

Trochlear n. (CNIV)

A

axons originate in trochlear nucleus of midbrain; pass through superior orbital fissure

motor innervation of superior oblique muscle (superior oblique muscle passes through the trochlea), sensory (communication from the ophthalmic nerve in the superior orbital fissure), postganglionic sympathetic (communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus)

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7
Q

Trigeminal n. (CNV)

A
  1. Opthalmic n. (V1)
  2. Maxillary (V2)
  3. Mandibular (V3)
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8
Q

Ophthalmic n. (V1)

A

sensory, & postganglionic sympathetic (communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus) innervation of skin (forehead, upper lid & nose), cornea, mucosa (nasal cavity) & extraocular muscles

  1. Lacrimal n.
  2. Frontal n.
  3. Nasociliary n.
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9
Q

Nasociliary n.

A

branch of Opthalmic n. (V1) -> div of Trigeminal n.; passes through and branches at the superior orbital fissure

  1. Anterior ethmoidal n.
  2. Posterior ethmoidal n.
  3. Long ciliary n.
  4. Short ciliary n.
  5. Infratrochlear n.
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10
Q

Anterior ethmoidal n.

A

branch of the Nasociliary n. (Ophthalmic n. -> div of Trigeminal n.); passes through the anterior ethmoidal foramen, branches into internal and external nasal nerves after exiting the cribiform plate

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic (communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus) innervation of the mucosa of the frontal and ethmoidal sinuses, the mucosa of the superior aspect of the nasal cavity, the skin overlying the nose

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11
Q

Posterior ethmoidal n.

A

branch of the Nasociliary n. (Opthalmic n. -> div of Trigeminal n.); passes through the posterior ethmoidal foramen

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic (communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus) innervation of the mucosa of the sphenoidal and ethmoidal sinuses and superior nasal cavity

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12
Q

Infratrochlear n.

A

branch of the Nasociliary n. (Opthalmic n. -> div of Trigeminal n.)

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic (communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus) innervation of the skin overlying the bridge of the nose

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13
Q

Short ciliary n.

A

branch of the Nasociliary n. (Opthalmic n. -> div of Trigeminal n.)

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic (communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus) innervation of the eye

postganglionic sympathetic & **postganglionic parasympathetic ** (axons arise from ciliary ganglion) innervation of the dilator (sympathetic) and constrictor (parasympathetic) muscles of the iris

This nerve is “stuck” to the ciliary ganglion

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14
Q

Long ciliary n.

A

branch of the Nasociliary n. (Opthalmic n. -> div of Trigeminal n.)

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic (communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus) innervation of the eye, and postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the dilator muscle of the iris

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15
Q

Frontal n.

A

branch of Opthalmic n. (V1) -> div of Trigeminal n.

  1. Supraorbital n.
  2. Supratrochlear n.
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16
Q

Supraorbital n.

A

branch of Frontal n. (Opthalmic n. (V1) -> div of Trigeminal n.)

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic (communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus) innervation of the skin overlying the forehead & mucosa of frontal sinus

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17
Q

Supratrochlear n.

A

branch of Frontal n. (Opthalmic n. (V1) -> div of Trigeminal n.)

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation (communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus) of the skin overlying the medial aspect of the forehead

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18
Q

Lacrimal n.

A

branch of Opthalmic n. (V1) -> div of Trigeminal n.

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic (communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus) innervation of the lacrimal gland and the skin overlying the lateral aspect of the upper lid, and forehead & postganglionic parasympathetic innervation of the lacrimal gland (communication from the pterygopalatine ganglion via the zygomatic nerve)

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19
Q

Maxillary n. (V2)

A

division of Trigeminal n. (CNV)

sensory, & postganglionic sympathetic (communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus & n. of pterygoid canal) innervation of skin (lower lid, nose, upper lip, cheek & cheekbone), mucosa (nasal cavity, oral cavity & pharynx) & dental pulp (upper teeth)

  1. Pterygopalatine nerves (emerge from ganglion)
  2. Zygomatic n.
  3. Posterior superior alveolar n.
  4. Infraorbital n.
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20
Q

Pterygopalatine nerves

A

emerge from the pterygopalatine ganglion, branches of Maxillary n. (V2) (division of Trigeminal n. CNV)

  1. Pharyngeal n.
  2. Lateral posterior superior nasal n.
  3. Medial (septal) posterior superior nasal n. (including nasopalatine)
  4. Greater palatine n.
  5. Lesser palatine n.
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21
Q

Pharyngeal n.

A

pterygopalatine nerve (branches of Maxillary n. (V2) -> division of Trigeminal n. CNV)

passes through pterygopalatine ganglion, passes through palatovaginal canal

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic (communication from nerve of the pterygoid canal) & postganglionic parasympathetic (axons arise from pterygopalatine ganglion) innervation of the mucosa of the nasal pharynx & auditory tube

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22
Q

Lateral posterior superior nasal n.

A

pterygopalatine nerve (branches of Maxillary n. (V2) -> division of Trigeminal n. CNV)

passes through pterygopalatine ganglion and through sphenopalatine foramen

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic (communication from nerve of the pterygoid canal) & postganglionic parasympathetic (axons arise from pterygopalatine ganglion) innervation of the mucosa of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity

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23
Q

Medial (septal) posterior superior nasal n.

A 
pterygopalatine nerve (branches of Maxillary n. (V2) -\> division of Trigeminal n. CNV)
includes Nasopalatine n.

passes through pterygopalatine ganglion and sphenopalatine foramen

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic (communication from nerve of the pterygoid canal) & postganglionic parasympathetic (axons arise from pterygopalatine ganglion) innervation of the mucosa of the nasal septum and anterior hard palate and associated gingiva (nasopalatine n)

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24
Q

Greater palatine n.

A

pterygopalatine nerve (branches of Maxillary n. (V2) -> division of Trigeminal n. CNV)

passes through pterygopalatine ganglion and greater palatine foramen

sensory, taste (greater petrosal), postganglionic sympathetic (communication from nerve of the pterygoid canal) & postganglionic parasympathetic (axons arise from pterygopalatine ganglion) innervation of the mucosa of the hard palate and associated gingiva

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25
Q

Lesser palatine n.

A

pterygopalatine nerve (branches of Maxillary n. (V2) -> division of Trigeminal n. CNV)

passes through pterygopalatine ganglinon and lesser palatine foramen

sensory, taste (greater petrosal), postganglionic sympathetic (communication from nerve of the pterygoid canal) & postganglionic parasympathetic (axons arise from pterygopalatine ganglion) innervation of the mucosa (both oral/anterior and pharyngeal/posterior surfaces) of the soft palate

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26
Q

Zygomatic n.

A

branch of Maxillary n. (V2) -> division of Trigeminal n. CNV

branches at inferior orbital fissure, passes superior

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] innervation of the skin overlying the zygomatic arch, and postganglionic parasympathetic [axons arise from pterygopalatine ganglion] innervation of the lacrimal gland [communicates with the lacrimal n.]

*branches into zygomatic temporal and zygomatic facial

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27
Q

Posterior superior alveolar n.

A

branch of Maxillary n. (V2) -> division of Trigeminal n. CNV

passes through pterygomaxillary fissure

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] innervation of the upper molars, and sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] & postganglionic parasympathetic innervation of mucosa of maxillary sinus and buccal gingiva

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28
Q

Infraorbital n.

A

branch of Maxillary n. (V2) -> division of Trigeminal n. CNV

passes through infraorbital canal and infraorbital foramen

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] innervation of the skin of the upper lip, cheek, lateral nose and lower lid; and sensory, postganglionic sympathetic and postganglionic parasympathetic innervation of mucosa of the upper lip, labial gingival and maxillary sinus

  1. Middle superior alveolar n.
  2. Anterior superior alveolar n.
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29
Q

Middle superior alveolar n.

A

branch of Maxillary n. (V2) -> division of Trigeminal n. CNV

passes through infraorbital canal

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] innervation of the upper premolars and sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] & postganglionic parasympathetic innervation of maxillary sinus

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30
Q

Anterior superior alveolar n.

A

branch of Maxillary n. (V2) -> division of Trigeminal n. CNV

passes through infraorbital canal

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] innervation of the upper canines and incisors and sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] & postganglionic parasympathetic maxillary sinus

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31
Q

Mandiular n. (V3)

A

division of Trigeminal n. (CNV)

sensory (skin [lower lip, chin, cheek, ear & temple], mucosa [oral cavity] & muscles of mastication), motor, & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus via maxillary a.]

  1. Meningeal branch
  2. Muscular branches
  3. Sensory branches
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32
Q

Meningeal branch of Mandibular n. (V3)

A

division of Trigeminal n. (CNV)

passes through foramen ovale and foramen spinosum

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] innervation of the cranial dura mater

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33
Q

Muscular branches of Mandibular n. (V3)

A

division of Trigeminal n. (CNV)

all pass through foramen ovale

  1. Nerve to medial pterygoid
  2. Masseteric n.
  3. Deep temporal n.
  4. Nerve to lateral pterygoid
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34
Q

Nerve to the medial pterygoid

A

muscular branch of Mandibular n. (V3) -> division of Trigeminal n. (V)

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] & motor [trigeminal motor nucleus of the pons] innervation of the medial pterygoid, tensor palatini and tensor tympani muscles

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35
Q

Masseteric n.

A

muscular branch of Mandibular n. (V3) -> division of Trigeminal n. (V)

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] & motor [trigeminal motor nucleus of the pons] innervation of the masseter muscle

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36
Q

Deep temporal n.

A

muscular branch of Mandibular n. (V3) -> division of Trigeminal n. (V)

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] & motor [trigeminal motor nucleus of the pons] innervation of the temporalis muscle

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37
Q

Nerve to lateral pterygoid

A

muscular branch of Mandibular n. (V3) -> division of Trigeminal n. (V)

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communicationfrom the external carotid plexus]& motor [trigeminal motor nucleus of the pons] innervation of the lateral pterygoid muscle

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38
Q

Sensory branches of Mandibular n. (V3)

A

division of Trigeminal n. (V)

all pass through foramen ovale

  1. Buccal branch (long buccal n.)
  2. Auriculotemporal n.
  3. Lingual n.
  4. Inferior alveolar n.
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39
Q

Buccal branch (long buccal n.) of Mandibular n. (V3)

A

division of Trigeminal n. (V)

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] innervation of the buccal skin and buccal mucosa and gingiva

40
Q

Auriculotemporal n.

A

sensory branch of Mandibular n. (V3) -> division of Trigeminal n. (V)

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] innervation of the TMJ, external auditory meatus and skin anterior to the ear, and sensory, postganglionic sympathetic & postganglionic parasympathetic [axons arise from the otic ganglion] innervation of the parotid gland

41
Q

Lingual br. of Mandibular n. (V3)

A

sensory branch of Mandibular n. (V3) -> division of Trigeminal n. (V)

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] innervation of the mucosa overlying the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue, the floor of the oral cavity and the adjacent gingiva, taste innervation to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue [communication from the chorda tympani n,], and

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic and preganglionic parasympathetic [communication from the chorda tympani n.] innervation of the lingual, sublingual and submandibular glands [by way of the submandibular ganglion, some of the postganglionic parasympathetic axons rejoin the lingual nerve branches prior to innervating sublingual gland and minor lingual glands]

42
Q

Inferior alveolar n.

A

sensory branch of Mandibular n. (V3) -> division of Trigeminal n. (V)

passes through mandibular foramen

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the lower teeth and their adjacent buccal and labial gingiva

  1. Mental n.
  2. Nerve to myohyloid
43
Q

Mental n.

A

branch of Inferior Alveolar n. (sensory branch of Mandibular n. (V3) -> division of Trigeminal n. (V))

passes through mental foramen

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the skin overlying the chin and lower lip, and labial mucosa and gingiva

44
Q

Nerve to myohyloid

A

branch of Inferior Alveolar n. (sensory branch of Mandibular n. (V3) -> division of Trigeminal n. (V))

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] & motor [trigeminal motor nucleus of the pons] innervation of the mylohyoid and anterior digastric muscles

45
Q

Abducens n. (CNVI)

A

axons originate in the abducens nucleus of the pons; pass through the superior orbital fissure

sensory [communication from the ophthalmic nerve in the superior orbital fissure], postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus] & motor (lmn) [abducens nucleus of the pons] innervation of the lateral rectus muscle

46
Q

Facial n. (CNVII)

A
  1. Geniculate ganglion (curved, like a knee)
  2. Branches in the facial canal
  3. Greater petrosal n.
  4. Branches at the stylomastoid foramen
  5. Branches on the face
47
Q

Branches of Facial n. CNVII in the facial canal

A
  1. Nerve to the stapedius
  2. Chorda tympani n.
48
Q

Nerve to the stapedius

A

branch of Facial n. CNVII in facial canal

motor innervation of the stapedius muscle

49
Q

Chorda tympani n.

A

branch of Facial n. (CNVII) in facial canal

sensory [taste] innervation of the mucosa of the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue [taste axons join the lingual nerve to innervate the mucosa of the tongue], and preganglionic parasympathetic [superior salivatory nucleus of the pons] innervation of the submandibular ganglion [the postganglionic parasympathetic axons travel with the lingual nerve and innervate the sublingual and submandibular glands]

50
Q

Greater petrosal n.

A

branch of Facial n. (CNVII)

preganglionic parasympathetic [superior salivatory nucleus of the pons] innervation of the pterygopalatine ganglion [postganglionic parasympathetic axons arising from the pterygopalatine ganglion join branches of the maxillary nerve to reach the lacrimal gland and the mucosa of the nasal cavity & paranasal sinuses, the nasal pharynx and roof of the oral cavity] and sensory [taste] innervation of mucosa of palate

51
Q

Nerve of the pterygoid canal

A

branch of Greater petrosal n. (branch of Facial n. (CNVII))

postganglionic sympathetic and preganglionic parasympathetic innervation of the pterygopalatine ganglion [postganglionic parasympathetic axons arising from the pterygopalatine ganglion join branches of the maxillary nerve to reach the lacrimal gland and the mucosa of the nasal cavity & paranasal sinuses, the nasal pharynx and roof of the oral cavity] and taste (palate)

52
Q

Branches of the Facial n. (CNVII) at the stylomastoid foramen

A
  1. Nerve to the stylohyoid
  2. Nerve to the posterior digastric
  3. Posterior auricular n.
53
Q

Nerve to the stylohyoid

A

branch of the Facial n. (CNVII) at stylohyoid foramen

motor [facial motor nucleus of the pons] & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the stylohyoid muscle

54
Q

Nerve to the posterior digastric m.

A

branch of the Facial n. (CNVII) at stylohyoid foramen

motor [facial motor nucleus of the pons] & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle

55
Q

Branches of Facial n. (CNVII) on the face

A
  1. Temporal branch
  2. Zygomatic branch
  3. Buccal branch
  4. Marginal mandibular branch
  5. Cervical branch
56
Q

Temporal br. of Facial n. (CNVII)

A

motor [facial motor nucleus of the pons] & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the corrugator supercilii, frontalis and orbicularis oculi muscles

57
Q

Zygomatic br. of Facial n. (CNVII)

A

motor [facial motor nucleus of the pons] & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the levator anguli oris, levator labii superioris, orbicularis oculi and zygomaticus major muscles

58
Q

Buccal br. of Facial n. (CNVII)

A

motor [facial motor nucleus of the pons] & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the buccinator, depressor anguli oris, levator anguli oris, levator labii superioris, levator labii superioris alequae nasi, nasalis, orbicularis oris, procerus, risorius, zygomaticus major & zygomaticus minormuscles

59
Q

Marginal mandibular br. of Facial n. (CNVII)

A

motor [facial motor nucleus of the pons] & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the depressor anguli oris, depressor labii inferioris, mentalis & orbicularis oris muscles

60
Q

Cervical br. of Facial n. (CNVII)

A

motor [facial motor nucleus of the pons] & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the platysma muscle

61
Q

Glossopharyngeal n. (CNIX)

A
  1. Superior ganglion
  2. Inferior ganglion
  3. Tympanic n.
  4. Carotid branch
  5. Pharyngeal branches
  6. Tonsilar branch
  7. Lingual branch
  8. Nerve to the stylopharyngeus m.
62
Q

Tympanic n.

A

branch of Glossopharyngeal n. (CNIX)

sensory and postganglionic sympathetic [communication from superior cervical ganglion] innervation of the middle ear, and preganglionic parasympathetic [inferior salivatory nucleus of the medulla] innervation of the otic ganglion [postganglionic axons arising from the otic ganglion travel with the auriculotemporal nerve to innervate the parotid gland]

63
Q

Carotid branch of Glossopharyngeal n. (CNIX)

A

sensory innervation of the carotid sinus and body

64
Q

Pharyngeal branches of Glossopharyngeal n. (CNIX)

A

sensory and postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] innervation of the mucosa of the upper pharynx

65
Q

Tonsilar branch of Glossopharyngeal n. (CNIX)

A

sensory and postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] innervation of the tonsilar mucosa

66
Q

Lingual br. of Glossopharyngeal n. (CNIX)

A

sensory [including taste] and postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] innervation of the mucosa of the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue

67
Q

Nerve to the stylopharyngeus m.

A

branch of Glossopharyngeal n. (CNIX)

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] & motor nucleus ambiguus of the medulla] innervation of the stylopharyngeus muscle

68
Q

Vagus n. (CNX)

A
  1. Superior (jugular) ganglion
  2. Inferior (nodose) ganglion
  3. Branches in the jugular fossa
  4. Branches in the neck & mediastinum
69
Q

Auricular branch of Vagus n. (CNX)

A

branch of the Vagus n. (CNX) in the jugular fossa

sensory and postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] innervation of the skin of the external auditory meatus and ear

70
Q

Pharyngeal plexus

A

branch of Vagus n. (CNX) in the neck & mediastinum

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion], motor [nucleus ambiguus of the medulla] innervation of the all the muscles of the pharynx [except the stylopharyngeus] and the palate [except the tensor palatini]

71
Q

Carotid branch of Vagus n. (CNX)

A

branch of Vagus n. (CNX) in neck/mediastinum

sensory and postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] innervation of the carotid sinus and body

72
Q

Superior laryngeal branch of Vagus n. (CNX)

A

branches of Vagus n. (CNX) in neck/mediastinum

  1. Internal laryngeal n.
  2. External laryngeal n.
73
Q

Internal laryngeal n.

A

branch of superior laryngeal (branch of Vagus n. (CNX) in neck/mediastinum)

sensory, taste [to epiglottis], postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] and preganglionic parasympathetic [dorsal motor nucleus of the medulla] innervation of the mucosa of the oral & laryngeal pharynx, epiglottis and larynx superior to the vocal folds

74
Q

External laryngeal n.

A

branch of superior laryngeal (branch of Vagus n. (CNX) in neck/mediastinum)

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] & motor (lmn) [nucleus ambiguus of the medulla] innervation of the cricothyroid, and inferior constrictor muscles

75
Q

Recurrent laryngeal n.

A

branch of Vagus n. (CNX) in neck/mediastinum

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] & motor [nucleus ambiguus of the medulla] innervation of all the muscles of the larynx (with the exception of the cricothyroid muscle), and the inferior constrictor muscle; sensory, postganglionic sympathetic and preganglionic parasympathetic [dorsal motor nucleus of the medulla] innervation of the tracheal, laryngeopharyngeal, and laryngeal mucosa (inferior to the vocal folds)

76
Q

Accessory n. (CNXI)

A
  1. Cranial root (joins pharyngeal plexus of vagus n.)
  2. Spinal root - postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] & motor [spinal accessory nucleus of C1-5] innervation of the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles
77
Q

Hypoglossal n. (CNXII)

A

axons originate in the hypoglossal nucleus of the medulla; pass through the hypoglossal canal (occipital bone)

motor innervation of genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus & intrinsic tongue muscles

*nerve will also have sensory
(communication from the lingual nerve near the hyoglossus muscle), postganglionic sympathetic (communication from the superior cervical ganglion)

78
Q

Cervical spinal nerves - Dorsal rami

A
  1. C1 - suboccipital n.
  2. C2 - greater occipital n.
  3. C3
  4. C4-8
79
Q

Cervical spinal nerves - ventral rami

A
  1. Cutaneous branches
  2. Sensory (non-cutaneous) branches
  3. Muscular branches
80
Q

C1 - suboccipital nerve

A

Dorsal rami of cervical spinal nerves

  1. Muscular branches - sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [gray ramus] and motor innervation of semispinalis capitis, inferior oblique, superior oblique, rectus capitis posterior major and rectus capitis posterior minor muscles
  2. Cutaneous branch (usually not present)
81
Q

C2 - Greater occipital n.

A

Dorsal rami of cervical spinal nerves

  1. Medial branch - sensory and postganglionic sympathetic [gray ramus] innervation of the skin overlying the back of the head
  2. Lateral branch - sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [gray ramus] and motor innervation of the splenius capitis, longissimus capitis & semispinalis capitis muscles
82
Q

Dorsal ramus C3

A

Dorsal rami of cervical spinal nerves

  1. Medial branch (3rd occipital n.) - sensory and postganglionic sympathetic [gray ramus] innervation of the skin overlying the suboccipital triangle
  2. Lateral branch - sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [gray ramus] and motor innervation of the overlying neck muscles
83
Q

C4 - 8

A

Dorsal rami of cervical spinal nerves

  1. Medial branches - sensory and postganglionic sympathetic [gray rami communicans] innervation of the skin overlying the cervical vertebrae
    b. Lateral branches - sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [gray ramus] and motor innervation of the overlying neck muscles
84
Q

Cutaneous branches of cervical plexus

A

All ventral rami of cervical spinal nerves

  1. Lesser occipital n. (C2)
  2. Greater auricular n. (C2,3)
  3. Transverse cervical n. (C2,3)
  4. Supraclavicular n. (C3,4)
85
Q

Sensory (non-cutaneous) branches of cervical plexus

A

ventral rami

  1. Proprioceptive branches to trapezius m. - sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [gray rami communicans] innervation of the trapezius muscle
  2. Proprioceptive branches to the SCM m. - sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [gray rami communicans] innervation of the SCM muscle
86
Q

Lesser occipital n. (C2)

A

Cervical Plexus

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [gray ramus] innervation of the skin overlying the posterior-lateral aspect of the head and upper neck

87
Q

Great auricular n. (C2,3)

A

Cervical Plexus

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [gray rami communicans] innervation of the skin overlying the upper SCM, lower parotid region and ear

88
Q

Transverse cervical n. (C2,3)

A

Cervical Plexus

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [gray rami communicans] innervation of the skin overlying the lower SCM and anterior neck

89
Q

Supraclavicular n. (C3,4)

A

Cervical Plexus

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [gray rami communicans] innervation of the skin overlying the lower half of the posterior triangle of the neck

90
Q

Muscular branches of cervical plexus

A

ventral rami

  1. Nerve to the geniohyoid m. (C1)
  2. Nerve to the thyrohyoid m. (C1)
  3. Superior root of the ansa cervicalis (C1)
  4. Inferior root of the ansa cervicalis (C2,3)
  5. Phrenic n. (C3-5)
  6. Misc. muscular branches
91
Q

Nerve to the geniohyoid m. (C1)

A

muscular branch of cervical plexus

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [gray ramus] and motor innervation of the geniohyoid muscle

92
Q

Nerve to the thyrohyoid m. (C1)

A

muscular branch of cervical plexus

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [gray ramus] and motor innervation of the thyrohyoid muscle

93
Q

Superior root of the ansa cervicalis (C1)

A

muscular branch of cervical plexus

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [gray ramus] and motor innervation of the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle

94
Q

Inferior root of the ansa cervicalis (C2,3)

A

muscular branch of cervical plexus

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [gray rami communicans] and motor innervation of the sternohyoid, sternothyroid and inferior belly of the omohyoid muscles

95
Q

Phrenic n. (C3-5)

A

muscular branch of cervical plexus

sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to pericardium & central tendon (& adjacent pleura & peritoneum); motor & postganglionic sympathetic innervation to diaphragm

96
Q

Misc. muscular branches of cervical plexus

A

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [gray rami communicans] & motor innervation of the longus capitis, longus coli, & anterior, middle & posterior scalene muscles

Human Body Unit III (6 decks)

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