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Gross Anatomy I NYCC > Nerve Supply of the Back > Flashcards

Nerve Supply of the Back Flashcards

1
Q

functions of spinal cord

A

relay center for incoming sensory info through dorsal roots & horn
conduit for ascending (afferent) and descending (efferent) pathways
origin of LMNs = commands to muscles of body from ventral horn

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2
Q

What are meninges?

A

connective tissue membrane

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3
Q

Name the meninges from inside out

A

pia, arachnoid, dura

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4
Q

Subarachnoid space is filled with…

A

cerebrospinal fluid and arteries

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5
Q

Subdural space is the location of:

A

veins

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6
Q

The epidural space contains:

A

fat

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7
Q

Describe Bell-Magendie Law

A

Sensory info goes into the spinal cord via dorsal (posterior) roots of spinal nerves
Motor “commands” leave the spinal cord via ventral (anterior) roots of spinal nerves

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8
Q

Ventral horn contains:

A

cell bodies of alpha & gamma motor neurons (LMN)

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9
Q

Dorsal horn contains:

A

sensory cell bodies

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10
Q

How are spinal nerves numbered?

A

numbered for vertebrae above, except in cervical region
(i.e., C2= between C1-C2; C8 between C7-T1; T1 between T1-T2)

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11
Q

Describe the dorsal root

A

Sensory (afferent) route
Formed by union of smaller dorsal rootlets which emerge from dorsal side of spinal cord
Larger than ventral root
*located inside vertebral canal

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12
Q

what type of neuron is the dorsal root ganglion part of?

A

pseudounipolar

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13
Q

what does each ramus carry?

A

mixed motor and sensory fibers from both ventral and dorsal horns

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14
Q

spinal nerves are formed by union of…

A

dorsal and ventral roots in intervertebral foramen

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15
Q

Describe the ventral root

A

Motor (efferent) route
Formed by union of smaller ventral rootlets from ventral side of spinal cord
*located inside vertebral canal

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16
Q

Dorsal rami is divided into…

A

medial and lateral branches

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17
Q

Dorsal rami motor innervation

A

intrinsic muscles of the back

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18
Q

Medial branch of dorsal ramus function

A

all levels supply muscles, only levels T6 and up are also cutaneous (sensory to skin) to upper back

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19
Q

Lateral branch of dorsal ramus function

A

all levels supply muscles, only levels T6 and below are also cutaneous to lower back and medial gluteus region

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20
Q

Dorsal ramus of C1 name and function

A

suboccipital nerve
- does not branch
- supplies the muscles of the suboccipital triangle
- larger than ventral ramus

21
Q

Dorsal ramus of C2 medial branch function

A

greater occipital nerve
- cutaneous to back of scalp
- muscular

22
Q

Dorsal ramus of C2 lateral branch function

23
Q

Dorsal ramus of C3 medial branch function

A

third occipital nerve
- cutaneous at base of occipital
- muscular

24
Q

Dorsal ramus of C3 lateral branch function

25
Q

Dorsal ramus of C4-C5 medial branch function

A

cutaneous and muscular

26
Q

Dorsal ramus of C6-C8 medial branch function

27
Q

Dorsal ramus of C6-C8 lateral branch function

28
Q

Which dorsal rami do not split into medial and lateral branches?

A

C1, S4, S5, Cx1

29
Q

Dorsal ramus T1-T6 medial branch function

A

Cutaneous and muscular

30
Q

Dorsal ramus T1-T6 lateral branch function

31
Q

Dorsal ramus T7-T12 medial branch function

32
Q

Dorsal ramus T7-T12 lateral branch function

A

Cutaneous and muscular

33
Q

Dorsal ramus L1-L5 medial branch function

34
Q

Dorsal ramus L1-L5 lateral branch function

A

Cutaneous and muscular

35
Q

Dorsal ramus S1-S3 medial branch function

36
Q

Dorsal ramus S1-S3 lateral branch function

A

Cutaneous and muscular

37
Q

Dorsal ramus S4-S5 function

A

Cutaneous and muscular
Does not divide

38
Q

Dorsal ramus Cx1 function

A

Cutaneous and muscular
Does not divide

39
Q

Ventral rami motor innervation

A

Hypaxial muscles including limbs

40
Q

Ventral rami cutaneous innervation

A

Most of body except head and back

41
Q

Dorsal columns of white matter are:

A

Fasciculus gracilis, fasciculus cuneatus

42
Q

Dorsal columns of white matter function

A

Sensory information

43
Q

Ventral and lateral columns of white matter function

A

Several functions (mostly motor)

44
Q

Ventral rami: cervical plexus location and innervation

A

C2-C4
Innervates neck, parts of head and shoulders

45
Q

Ventral rami: brachial plexus location and innervation

A

C5-T1
innervates the pectoral girdle and upper limbs

46
Q

Ventral rami: lumbosacral plexus location and innervation

A

L1-S4
Innervates pelvic girdle and lower limbs

47
Q

what are dermatomes?

A

areas of skin innervated by cutaneous branches of a single spinal nerve

48
Q

What is the dermatome for C2 medial branch of dorsal ramus?

A

Greater occipital nerve dermatome: back of scalp

Gross Anatomy I NYCC (15 decks)

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