Nerve Palsies Flashcards

1
Q

What is Erbs palsy

A

Palsy by traction of the upper brachial trunk

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2
Q

Risk factors for Erb’s palsy

A
Use of instrumental delivery 
Large infant size
Small maternal size 
Prolonged second stage labour 
Maternal DM 
Malposition
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3
Q

Which palsy is Waters tip associated with

A

Erbs

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4
Q

Clinical features of Erbs palsy

A
Shoulder is adducted 
Internally rotated 
Elbow is extended and pronated 
Wrist is flexed 
Waiters tip
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5
Q

Ddx for Erbs palsy

A

Clavicle or humeral fracture
Septic arthritic shoulder
Osteomyelitis

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6
Q

What is Klumpkes palsy

A

Tractin of C8/T1 (lower brachial trunk)

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7
Q

Which is more common Klumpkes palsy or Erbs palsy

A

Erbs

Klumpkes is very rare

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8
Q

What can involvement of T1 in Klumpkes palsy result in

A

Horners Syndrome

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9
Q

What sign in the hand can Klumpkes palsy give

A

Claw hand

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10
Q

From which cord of the brachial plexus does the axillary nerve arise from

A

Posterior cord

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11
Q

What sensational deficit can axillary nerve palsy lead to

A

Loss of sensation over the regimental badge area

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12
Q

What motor deficit can axillary nerve palsy lead to

A

Deltoid weakness

Deltoid atrophy

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13
Q

Which 2 injuries are likely to injury the axillary nerve

A

Fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus

Shoulder dislocation

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14
Q

Rx axillary nerve palsy

A

Most recover spontaneously with no treatment required

Surgery in very sever cases

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15
Q

What is the main prognosis of axillary nerve palsy

A

Spontaneous resolution without the need for Rx

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16
Q

What characteristic sign does Radial nerve palsy give

A

Wrist drop

17
Q

From which cord of the brachial plexus does the radial nerve arise from

A

Posterior cord

18
Q

In which compartment of the arm does the radial nerve run in

A

Posterior compartment

19
Q

What does radial nerve palsy in the axilla result in

A

Loss of elbow extension
Loss of wrist extension
Sensory changes of forearm and hand

20
Q

What does radial nerve palsy in the arm result in

A

Loss of wrist extension

Sensory loss

21
Q

What does radial nerve palsy in the forearm result in

A

Loss of finger extension

22
Q

What does radial nerve palsy in the wrist result in

A

Loss of sensation e.g handcuff

23
Q

From which cord of the brachial plexus does the ulnar nerve arise from?

A

Medial cord

24
Q

Which roots does the ulnar nerve arise from

25
Where would the ulna nerve be susceptible to an injury from
Elbow
26
What characteristic sign does an ulnar nerve palsy give
Claw hand
27
What test can be used to clinically examine for an ulnar nerve palsy
Froments Test
28
Describe the ulnar paradox
A distal lesion has worse clawing than a proximal lesion of the ulnar nerve
29
What causes winging of the scapula
Palsy of long thoracic nerve
30
In which procedure is the long thoracic nerve most commonly damaged
Axillary LN clearance in breast cancer surgery
31
Clinical appearance of scapula wining
Shoulder blade protrudes from back in abnormal position
32
What muscle is commonly affected to cause winging of scapula
Serratus anterior
33
Which nerve can surgical neck of humerus fracture damage
Axillary nerve
34
What artery can surgical neck of humerus fracture damage
Posterior circumflex artery
35
Is rupture of biceps tendon common or uncommon
Uncommon
36
Cause of biceps tendon rupture
Typically sudden injury
37
Clinical sign of biceps tendon rupture
Pop-eye muscle | Ball of muscle during flexion
38
Rx for biceps tendon rupture
Repair generally required as function remains Surgery if indicated