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Finals > Nerve injuries > Flashcards

Nerve injuries Flashcards

1
Q

Long thoracic nerve

A

Medial winging of the scapula

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2
Q

Median nerve injury

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome. Tingling and numbness. Weakness and pain in the thumb, index, middle and half of the ring finger.

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3
Q

Ulnar nerve injury at elbow

A

Cubital tunnel syndrome. Numbness or pain in the elbow, hand, wrist or fingers. Claw hand and radial deviation.

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4
Q

Compression of ulnar nerve below the elbow

A

Claw hand. Wasting and paralysis of intrinsic hand muscles (except lateral two lumbricals) wasting and paralysis of the hypothenar muscles

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5
Q

Posterior interosseous nerve

A

(Enters the extensor compartment through the supinator muscle at the Arcade of Frohse ) Purely a motor nerve. Stops extension of the fingers but NOT the wrist

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6
Q

Anterior interosseous nerve injury

A

Unable to perform the OK sign and inability to pronate

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7
Q

Radial nerve

A

Wrist drop and loss of finger extension

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8
Q

Axillary nerve

A

Loss of deltoid area sensation. Weakness of shoulder abduction, atrophy of the deltoid and numbness in the deltoid region

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9
Q

Femoral nerve

A

Loss of extension of the knee

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10
Q

Posterior tibial nerve

A

Typically damaged by the tarsal tunnel/flexor retinaculum. Causes tarsal tunnel syndrome causing pain and numbness or the plantar aspect of the heal

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11
Q

Deep peroneal nerve injury

A

Foot drop

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12
Q

Third nerve injury

A

(Occulomotor) Eye deviated down and out, ptosis and dilated pupil

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13
Q

Fourth nerve injury

A

(Trochlear) Vertical diplopia

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14
Q

Sixth nerve injury

A

(Abducens) Defective abduction and horizontal diplopia

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15
Q

Seventh nerve injury

A

(Facial) Flaccid paralysis of the face, loss of corneal reflex, loss of taste and hyperacusis

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16
Q

Ninth nerve injury

A

(Glossopharyngeal) hypersensitive carotid sinus reflex. Loss of gag reflex (afferent)

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17
Q

Tenth nerve injury

A

(Vagus) Uvula deviates away from side of lesion. Loss of gag reflex (efferent)

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18
Q

Eleventh nerve injury

A

(Accessory) Weakness turning head to contralateral side

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19
Q

Twelfth nerve injury

A

(Hypoglossal) Tongue deviates to side of lesion

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20
Q

Common peroneal nerve lesion

A

Foot drop is main symptom others include. Weakness of foot dorsiflexion, weakness of foot eversion, weakness of extensor hallucis longus, sensory loss over the dorsum of the foot and the lower lateral part of the leg, wasting of the anterior tibial and peroneal muscles

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21
Q

Medial winging of the scapula

A

Long thoracic nerve

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22
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome. Tingling and numbness. Weakness and pain in the thumb, index, middle and half of the ring finger.

A

Median nerve injury

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23
Q

Cubital tunnel syndrome. Numbness or pain in the elbow, hand, wrist or fingers. Claw hand and radial deviation.

A

Ulnar nerve injury at elbow

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24
Q

Claw hand. Wasting and paralysis of intrinsic hand muscles (except lateral two lumbricals) wasting and paralysis of the hypothenar muscles

A

Compression of ulnar nerve below the elbow

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25
Q

(Enters the extensor compartment through the supinator muscle at the Arcade of Frohse ) Purely a motor nerve. Stops extension of the fingers but NOT the wrist

A

Posterior interosseous nerve

26
Q

Unable to perform the OK sign and inability to pronate

A

Anterior interosseous nerve injury

27
Q

Wrist drop and loss of finger extension

A

Radial nerve

28
Q

Loss of deltoid area sensation. Weakness of shoulder abduction, atrophy of the deltoid and numbness in the deltoid region

A

Axillary nerve

29
Q

Loss of extension of the knee

A

Femoral nerve

30
Q

Foot drop

A

L5 radiculopathy, sciatic nerve lesion, common peroneal nerve lesion, superficial or deep peroneal nerve lesion

31
Q

Foot drop is main symptom others include. Weakness of foot dorsiflexion, weakness of foot eversion, weakness of extensor hallucis longus, sensory loss over the dorsum of the foot and the lower lateral part of the leg, wasting of the anterior tibial and peroneal muscles

A

Common peroneal nerve lesion

32
Q

Eye deviated down and out, ptosis and dilated pupil

A

Third (Occulomotor) nerve injury

33
Q

Vertical diplopia

A

Fourth (Trochlear) nerve injury

34
Q

Defective abduction and horizontal diplopia

A

Sixth (Abducens) nerve injury

35
Q

Flaccid paralysis of the face, loss of corneal reflex, loss of taste and hyperacusis

A

Seventh (facial) nerve injury

36
Q

hypersensitive carotid sinus reflex. Loss of gag reflex (afferent)

A

Ninth (glossopharyngeal) injury

37
Q

Uvula deviates away from side of lesion. Loss of gag reflex (efferent)

A

Vagus (tenth) nerve injury

38
Q

Weakness turning head to contralateral side

A

Eleventh (accessory) nerve injury

39
Q

Tongue deviates to side of lesion

A

twelfth (hypoglossal) nerve injury

40
Q

Foot drop is main symptom others include. Weakness of foot dorsiflexion, weakness of foot eversion, weakness of extensor hallucis longus, sensory loss over the dorsum of the foot and the lower lateral part of the leg, wasting of the anterior tibial and peroneal muscles

A

Common peroneal nerve injury

41
Q

L3 Nerve root compression

A

Sensory loss over anterior thigh
Weak quadriceps
Reduced knee reflex
Positive femoral stretch test

42
Q

L4 nerve root compression

A

Sensory loss anterior aspect of knee
Weak quadriceps
Reduced knee reflex
Positive femoral stretch test

43
Q

L5 nerve root compression

A

Sensory loss dorsum of foot
Weakness in foot and big toe dorsiflexion
Reflexes intact
Positive sciatic nerve stretch test

44
Q

S1 nerve root compression

A

Sensory loss posterolateral aspect of leg and lateral aspect of foot
Weakness in plantar flexion of foot
Reduced ankle reflex
Positive sciatic nerve stretch test

45
Q

What surgery typically damages the Accessory nerve.

A

Posterior triangle lymph node biopsy typically injures?

46
Q

Sensory loss over anterior thigh
Weak quadriceps
Reduced knee reflex
Positive femoral stretch test

A

L3 Nerve root compression

47
Q

Sensory loss anterior aspect of knee
Weak quadriceps
Reduced knee reflex
Positive femoral stretch test

A

L4 nerve root compression

48
Q

Sensory loss dorsum of foot
Weakness in foot and big toe dorsiflexion
Reflexes intact
Positive sciatic nerve stretch test

A

L5 nerve root compression

49
Q

Sensory loss posterolateral aspect of leg and lateral aspect of foot
Weakness in plantar flexion of foot
Reduced ankle reflex
Positive sciatic nerve stretch test

A

S1 nerve root compression

50
Q

Posterior triangle lymph node biopsy typically injures?

A

Accessory nerve

51
Q

What surgery typically damages the sciatic nerve.

A

Posterior approach to hip

52
Q

What typically damages the common peroneal nerve?

A

Legs in Lloyd Davies position

53
Q

What surgery typically damages the long thoracic nerve?

A

Axillary node clearance

54
Q

What surgery typically damages the recurrent laryngeal nerves?

A

Thyroid surgery

55
Q

What surgery typically damages the hypoglossal nerve

A

Carotid endarterectomy

56
Q

When are the ulnar and median nerves iatrogenically injured?

A

Upper limb fracture repair

57
Q

Posterior approach to hip typically injures?

A

Sciatic nerve

58
Q

Legs in Lloyd Davies position typically injures?

A

Common peroneal

59
Q

Axillary node clearance typically injures?

A

Long thoracic

60
Q

Thyroid surgery typically injures?

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerves

61
Q

Carotid endarterectomy typically injures?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

62
Q

upper limb fracture repairs typically injures?

A

Ulnar and median nerves

Finals (8 decks)

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