Nerve cells Flashcards
What are the two types of cells in the nervous system?
neurons
glial cells
What are Nissl granules?
Found in neurone cell bodies, and consist of rough endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes. They are responsible for protein production. Very numerous in these cells due to high metabolic nature.
what are dendrites?
Highly specialised structures there are responsible for receiving information from neurons at synapses, or other dendrites.
what is another name for the axon hillock?
the initial segment
what is the name of the cytoplasm as it extends down the axon?
axoplasm
what is saltatory conduction?
the jumping of an action potential between nodes of Ranvier
What is the name of the end of the axon?
axon terminal
at the end of the axon terminal is the….
synaptic bouton / pre-synaptic junction
what type of cells are sensory neurons?
pseudo-unipolar. There are no dendrites with this type of cell.
where to the axons of a pseudo-unipolar neurone go?
one extends from the peripheral, the other extends into the spinal cord.
what is the most common type of neurone?
multipolar neurone
What is the definition of an action potential?
A propagated change in membrane potential from -70mv to +30mv and back again.
What time of cells are the motor neurones that control skeletal tissue?
multi-polar neurones
What are multi-polar neurones?
neurones that have two or more dendrites, and a single axon.
how many neurones does the efferent autonomic nervous system have in its pathway?
two
CNS - autonomic ganglion - smooth muscle
