nephrotic syndrome and UT dysfunction Flashcards
what causes nephrotic syndrome?
any disorder that damages the kidney
examples of disorders that damage the kidney include?
Cancer
Diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple myeloma, and amyloidosis
Genetic disorders
Immune disorders
Infections (such as strep throat, hepatitis, or mononucleosis)
Use of certain drugs
Glomerulonephritis
what is hypoproteinemia?
condition where there is an abnormally low level of protein in the blood. There are several causes and all result in edema once serum protein levels fall below a certain threshold.
what deficient protein mainly cause Hypoproteinemia?
albumin
kidney dysfunction can lead to hyperlipidemia which is?
an abnormally high concentration of fats or lipids in the blood.
kidney dysfunction can lead to periorbital swelling which is?
swelling around the eyes
S/S of nephrotic syndrome include?
Pallid
Anorexia
Fatigue
Diarrhea
Abdominal pain
what are complications of nephrotic syndrome?
resp. tract infection skin infection UTI acute primary peritonitis Acute Renal Failure (ARF) Electrolyte disturbances
what is hyponatremia
sodium ion concentration in the plasma is lower than normal.
what is hypokalemia
decreased potassium in blood
what is hypocalcemia
decreased calcium in blood
nephrotic syndrome is medically managed with?
corticosteroid therapy
what is pyelonephritis?
inflammation of the substance of the kidney as a result of bacterial infection.
True or False
the ureters are a common site of infection?
False
rarely a site of infection
what is urethritis?
inflammation of the urinary bladder. It is often caused by infection and is usually accompanied by frequent, painful urination.
what are risk factors for a UTI?
Diabetes Advanced age Urinary retention Catheterization Obstruction Enlarged prostate Narrowed urethra Kidney stones Immobility Female gender Pregnancy Increased sexual activity
what are S/S of bladder infection?
Cloudy urine
may have a strong odor
Low grade fever
Pain or burning with urination
Cramping in the lower abdomen or back
Strong need to urinate often
even right after the bladder has been emptied
S/S of kidney infection ares?
Mental changes or confusion!!!!!!!!!!!! Chills or night sweats Fatigue Fever Flank, back, or groin pain Flushed, warm, or reddened skin Nausea and vomiting
How to prevent a UTI?
Drinking plenty of water
Urinating soon after intercourse
Wiping front to back
Good hygiene
Eat yogurt
medical management for UTI?
antibitoics
treat cause of recurrent infections
what are the PT implications for treating a pt with a UTI
Be able to recognize S/S of UTI
Contact physician if
Fever > 102
Nausea and vomitting
Mental status change
