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med surg 3 test 3 > GU overview > Flashcards

GU overview Flashcards

1
Q

what are the organs of the GU system?

A 
adrenal glands
kidney 
ureter
urinary bladder
urethra
renal artery and vein
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2
Q

what is the function of the kidney?

A 
Maintain blood homeostasis
Excrete waste
Keep nutrients
Maintain electrolytes
Maintain acid base balance
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3
Q

what is the function of the ureters?

A

bring urine to the bladder

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4
Q

what is the function of the bladder?

A

store urine prior to micturition

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5
Q

what is the function of the urethra

A

expel urine from bladder

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6
Q

uera is?

A

nitrogenous waste from deamination

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7
Q

uric acid is?

A

waste from purine metabolism

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8
Q

creatinine is released during?

A

anaerobic muscle activity

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9
Q

what are some reasons why glucose may be in urine?

A

recent intake of sugary food

diabetes m.

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10
Q

what are some reasons why protein may be in urine?

A

physical exertion
high protein
hypertension
glomerulonephritis

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11
Q

what are some reasons why ketone bodies may be in urine?

A

starvation

untreated diabetes m.

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12
Q

what are some reasons why hemoglobin may be in urine?

A

hemolytic anemia

sever burns

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13
Q

what are some reasons why bile pigments may be in urine?

A

hepatitis
cirrhosis
bile obstruction

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14
Q

what are some reasons why erythrocytes may be in urine?

A

bleeding due to trauma
kidney stones
infection
cancer

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15
Q

what are some reasons why leucocytes may be in urine?

A

UTI

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16
Q

what is EPO

A

erythropoietin
produced my kidney
controls RBC production

17
Q

kidney disease can lead to?

A

anemia

18
Q

patients with chronic anemia from kidney disease take?

A

Recombinant EPO

19
Q

Increased Cr levels in plasma indicated?

A

potential impaired renal function

20
Q

normal female Cr levels?

A

.5 to 1.0 mg/dl

21
Q

normal male Cr levels?

A

.7 to 1.2 mg/dl

22
Q

Blood urea nitrogen is the end product of?

A

protein and amino acid metabolism

23
Q

what can an increased BUN indicate?

A 
Decreased renal function
Reduced fluid intake
Increased muscle catabolism
Increased protein intake
Acute renal infection
24
Q

Must correlate the BUN with _____ to implicate renal dysfunction?

A

Cr

25
Q

what is nomad BUN?

A

5-30 mg/dL

26
Q

Na fluctuations can cause cells to?

A

shrink or swell

27
Q

what is most susceptible to Na fluctuations?

A

brain

28
Q

Altered levels of Na can affect the brain causing?

A

Mental status changes, confusion, weakness, IC hemorrhage or coma

med surg 3 test 3 (9 decks)

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