Nephroprotective and Regenerative Materia Medica (final)

Question 1

Common Name, MOA and Energetics of Salvia miltiorrhiza

Answer 1

Salvia miltiorrhiza – Red Sage Root/Dan Shen

MOA: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, microcirculatory protectant and regenerator
Energetics: mild drying

Question 2

CIs and Dist. Characteristics of Salvia miltiorrhiza

Answer 2

Contraindications: pruritis and stomach ache with tincture use is possible, potentiates warfarin

Distinguishing characteristics: protects kidney grafts from ischemia/reperfusion injury; reduced accum of methyl guanidine

Question 3

Common Name, MOA and Energetics of Rheum palmatum

Answer 3

Rheum palmatum - Rhubarb

MOA: astringent, laxative, lowers TG and cholesterol, increases GFR

Energetics: bitter, cold

Question 4

CIs and Dist. Characteristics of Rheum palmatum

Answer 4

Contraindications: do NOT eat leaves – high oxalic acid content; avoid in pregnancy and lactation

Distinguishing characteristics: increases GFR, may relieve diabetic nephropathy; laxative in excess, effects on vasculature: beneficial to blood lipids, tonifying to kindeys

Question 5

Common Name, MOA and Energetics of Panax ginseng

Answer 5

Panax ginseng – Asian Ginseng

MOA: adaptogen, tonic, stimulant, hypoglycemic, antitoxic

Energetics: warming

Question 6

CIs and Dist. Characteristics of Panax ginseng

Answer 6

Contraindications: use with MAO inhibitors

Distinguishing characteristics: saponins protect kidney from oxidative stress; adaptogenic, but hypoglycemic

Question 7

Common name, part used and dist. characteristics of Urtica dioica

Answer 7

Urtica dioica seed – Stinging Nettle
Part used: seed

Distinguishing characteristics: found to reduce serum creatinine in kidney transplant patients

Question 8

MOA and Energetics of Ginkgo biloba

Answer 8

Ginkgo biloba
MOA: increases blood flow in smaller capillaries (brain and kidney), antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, benefits cognition, marked inhibition of PAF

Energetics: moving (inc circ)

Question 9

CIs and Dist. Characteristics of Ginkgo biloba

Answer 9

Contraindications: pregnancy, hemophilia, blood thinning medications

Distinguishing characteristics: shown to reduce nephrotoxicity, helps with kidney graft rejection

Question 10

MOA, Energetics and CIs of Cordyceps chinensis

Answer 10

Cordyceps chinensis – Caterpillar Fungus

MOA: adaptogen, immunostimulant, antitumor, antihyperlipidemic, cardiotonic, nephroprotective when coadministered with aminoglycoside antibiotic, antiasthma *improve mitochondrial fxn and cellular oxygenation

Energetics: sweet and warm

Question 11

CIs and Dist. Characteristics of Cordyceps chinensis

Answer 11

Contraindications: be wary of adulteration

Distinguishing characteristics: improves respiratory function, increases oxygen absorption, improves heart function, enhances immune response to CA, improves libido

sidenote: MS, parkinsons; also anti-inflamm

Question 12

Common Name, MOA and Energetics of Vaccinium spp.

Answer 12

Vaccinium spp. – Blueberry

MOA: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, vasoprotectant, inhibits platelet aggregation, inhibits collagenase and elastase

Energetics: mild drying

Question 13

CIs and Dist. Characteristics of Vaccinium spp.

Answer 13

Contraindications: none

Distinguishing characteristics: vascular damage and uremic bruising (effect on endothelial integrity, antiinflamm)

Question 14

Common Name and MOA of Silybum marianum

Answer 14

Silybum marianum – Milk Thistle

MOA: hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, bitter, galactagogue *we extrapolate its use from the liver to the kidneys… protects mitoch from damage of toxins and inflamm

Question 15

CIs and Dist. Characteristics of Silybum marianum

Answer 15

Contraindications: AsteracDerm eae family allergy

Distinguishing characteristics: may help prevent diabetic nephropathy, protection from renally toxic drugs, inhibits renal oxidative damage from cisplatin