Nephron Parts and Functions

Question 1

Glomerulus

Answer 1

• Pressure forces plasma into Bowman’s capsule

Question 2

Bowman’s capsule

Answer 2

• Surrounds glomerular capillaries and has slits that allow nitrogenous wastes, nutrients and water to pass through into the tubule

Question 3

Loop of Henle Ascending

Answer 3

• Stops permeability to water
• Ions are absorbed, water is not
• Salt is actively transported out of filtrate creating a gradient in medula

Question 4

Loop of Henle Descending

Answer 4

• Extremely permeable to water

- Water is absorbed, ions are not

Question 5

Distal tube

Answer 5

• Maintains pH and sodium potassium levels

- Only does what’s needed to bring to equilibrium

Question 6

Proximal Tube

Answer 6

• Absorbs water, glucose, amino acid and minerals and passive transports back in blood
• Metabolic

Question 7

Collecting duct

Answer 7

• Regulates electrolytes by absorbing chloride, potassium, hydrogen ions and bicarbonate
• Absorbs sodium and will absorb water if ADH is present

Question 8

Renal Artery

Answer 8

• Carry large amounts of blood from the aorta (the heart’s main artery) to the kidneys.

Question 9

Renal Vein

Answer 9

• Main blood vessel that carries blood from the kidney and ureter to the inferior vena cava