Nephrology and Urology Flashcards
Tetrad of Henoch-Schönlein purpura
1) Rash - non-blanching petechial/ purpura in gravity dependent and trunk sparing
= leuckoclastic vasculitis (SMALL VESSEL)
2) Renal involvement
3) arthritis / arthralgia (oligoarthritis)
4) GI involvement (80%) - intussusception / ischaemia
Percentage recurrence of HSP?
15-60% recurrence in 6 months
What percentage of children with HSP develop CKD?
1-2%
Describe histological findings of biopsy of HSP
IgA deposition, C3, fibrin, immune complexes
Epidemiology of HSP
75% of cases in children under 10
Usually preceeded by viral URTI/ Strep throat 2 weeks prior
Peak incidence autumn/winter
Clusters in families
What is renin?
- stimulated by and blocked by?
Hormone stimulated by low serum sodium (causes increased BP)
- Inhibited partially by B-blockers and high chloride
- Cortisol increases Na+ reabsorption –> Increased blood volume –> reduced renin released