Nephrology Flashcards
At what vertebrae is renal hilum located’
L2 (since 2 kidneys)
Kidneys are closely related to ____
Psoas major
What are the 3 coverings of kidneys?
Perirenal fat
Renal fascia “Gerota’s Fascia”
Para renal fat
3 structures seen in renal hilum
Renal Vein (Anterior), renal Artery (mid), renal Pelvis (Posterior)
Why do we surgically resected renal cases at the back?
To prevent injury to renal vein and arteries anteriorly
Adult dimension / renal length average
10 cms
Differences of right and left kidneys
Left is higher and larger than right d/t the liver
Right: liver, duodenum, right colic flexure at 12th rib
Left: spleen, pancreas, stomach, left colic flexure and jejunum @ 11th and 12th ribs
What structures are possibly injured anteriorly in relation to kidneys?
Liver and Duodenum at the right and jejunum, pancreas, spleen, stomach at the left
What structures are possibly injured posteriorly in relation to kidneys?
Diaphragm- we check for signs of DOB post-op
What ribs are removed in renal surgeries esp at the left?
Ribs 11 and 12
Gerota’s fascia covers the kidney but open in (anterior, posterior, lateral, medial, superior, inferior) 2 answers
Medially and inferiorly
At FAST, where can the bleeding from kidneys might seep into?
Pelvic area since open inferiorly
Can we access both kidneys with one incision? True or false
True. Since open medially the Gerota’s fascia
In CT, how can you say that it is right or left kidney?
At the right you can see medially the IVC and aorta then the left kidneys
Is suprarenal and kidney are within the same fascial compartment
No. Suprarenal are attached firmly to the diaphragm while kidneys can descend inferiorly when erect position since open inferiorly the Gerota’s fascia
