Nephro

Question 1

Most common cause of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria

Answer 1

Nephrocalcinosis

Also idiopathic

Question 2

GN with low C3

Answer 2

1. Post-strep GN
2. Membranoproliferative
3. Lupus

Question 3

GN with normal C3

Answer 3

1. IgA nephropathy
2. Minimal change disease
3. Mesangial proliferative GN
4. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
5. Membranous nephropathy

Question 4

Most common cause of gross hematuria

Answer 4

IgA nephropathy

Question 5

Alport syndrome

Answer 5

• X-linked
• Progressive sensorineural hearing loss
• Synpharyngitic or post-exertional hematuria
• End stage renal disease by age 30
• Anterior lenticonus = pathognomonic

Question 6

Most common cause of proteinuria

Answer 6

Benign orthostatic proteinuria

- Check first morning void x 3 days, should be negative for protein

Question 7

Renal diseases with low C3 and C4

Answer 7

1. Lupus
2. Membranoproliferative GN
3. Shunt nephritis
4. Bacterial endocarditis

Question 8

Labs in pre-renal AKI

Answer 8

1. Urine sodium < 20
2. FeNA < 1%
3. UOsm > 500
4. Urine specific gravity > 1.020
5. BUN:Cr ratio > 20

Question 9

Labs in intrinsic AKI

Answer 9

1. Urine sodium > 40
2. FeNA > 2%
3. UOsm < 350
4. Urine specific gravity < 1.010
5. BUN:Cr ratio 10-15

Question 10

Test for nephrocalcinosis

Answer 10

24 hour urine calcium:creatinine ratio

Question 11

Pathognomonic for Alport’s

Answer 11

Anterior lenticonus