Cardio

Question 1

Features of TOF

Answer 1

• Loud, harsh systolic ejection murmur
• Decreased pulmonary markings
• Boot-shaped heart

Question 2

Features of Truncus Arteriosus

Answer 2

• Single, loud S2
• Systolic ejection murmur
• Increased pulmonary vascular markings

Question 3

Features of TGA

Answer 3

• Increased or normal pulmonary vascular markings
• No murmur
• Egg on a string
• Presents early

Question 4

Features of Tricuspid Atresia

Answer 4

• Loud systolic ejection murmur
• Decreased pulmonary vascular markings
• Single S2

Question 5

Features of HLHS

Answer 5

• No murmur
• Single loud S2
• Increased pulmonary vascular markings
• Peripheral hypoperfusion if late

Question 6

Features of Ebstein’s

Answer 6

• Holosystolic murmur (tricuspid regurg)
• Massive cardiomegaly
• Wide S2
• Gallop
• Decreased pulmonary vascular markings
• Presents early

Question 7

Features of pulmonary atresia/stenosis

Answer 7

• No murmur
• Decreased pulmonary vascular markings
• Single, loud S2
• Crying increases cyanosis d/t shunt

Question 8

Features of TAPVR

Answer 8

• Snowman shaped heart
• Increased pulmonary vascular markings
• Loud S2
• Continuous murmur

Question 9

Effects on contractility and SVR

• Epi at 0.05
• Epi at 0.5
• Dopamine at 20
• Dobutamine at 6
• Norepi or phenyl
• Milrinone

Answer 9

Epi 0.05: increased contractility, no effect on SVR
Epi 0.5: increased contractility, increased SVR
Dopamine: increased contractility, increased SVR
Dobutamine: increased contractility, decreased SVR
Norepi: no effect on contractility, increased SVR
Milrinone: increased contractility, decreased SVR